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Madison, Matthew J.; Bradshaw, Laine – Journal of Educational Measurement, 2018
The evaluation of intervention effects is an important objective of educational research. One way to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention is to conduct an experiment that assigns individuals to control and treatment groups. In the context of pretest/posttest designed studies, this is referred to as a control-group pretest/posttest design.…
Descriptors: Intervention, Program Evaluation, Program Effectiveness, Control Groups
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Marco, Gary L.; And Others – Journal of Educational Measurement, 1976
Special emphasis is given to the kinds of control that can be exercised over initial status, including the use of proxy input data. A rationale for the classification scheme is developed, based on (1) three one-shot, one cross-sectional, and two longitudinal data types and (2) two types of referencing: criterion referencing and norm referencing.…
Descriptors: Classification, Data Collection, Evaluation Methods, Methods