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Direct linkLê, Qu?nh Tiên Nguyên; Polikoff, Morgan S. – SAGE Open, 2021
"Castañeda v. Pickard" mandated that educational programs for emergent bilinguals be tested for program efficacy. As English language development (ELD) curricular materials are one part of an instructional program, we assess this mandate by examining the effectiveness of ELD materials in Texas, a large, diverse U.S. state with large…
Descriptors: Language Proficiency, Bilingualism, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning
Ovando, Carlos J. – Phi Delta Kappan, 1983
Summarizes the sociopolitical and pedagogical debates over bilingual and bicultural education. Reviews research findings on the effects of bilingual education, discusses issues concerning public expenditures for bilingual programs and the effects of language on social cohesion and academic failure, and advocates adopting an official national…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Biculturalism, Bilingual Education, Bilingualism
Helle, Tuija – 1985
French immersion programs were initiated in Ontario and Quebec 20 years ago in the search for more effective second language instruction methods, and by September 1975 had spread to all Canadian provinces. The emphasis is on communication, with subject matter taught in French. The programs have been very effective, resulting in successful…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Child Language, Comparative Analysis, Elementary Education
Burns, George E.; Olson, Paul – 1983
A study was conducted to assess social and political factors affecting the implementation of French immersion in northern Ontario, Canada. Using a sample of eight boards in Northeastern Ontario communities, data were obtained by interviewing 17 French immersion principals and 52 immersion teachers. Data were also obtained by surveying all…
Descriptors: Administrator Attitudes, Bilingualism, Elementary Secondary Education, French
Peer reviewedHolmquist, Jonathan Carl – Modern Language Journal, 1993
A study of 215 Temple University (Pennsylvania) students investigated patterns in achievement (as measured by course level and grade), language attitudes, attitudes toward and acquaintance with Spanish speakers, and foreign travel experience. Results support previous studies and suggest that the relationship between attitudes and foreign-language…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Bilingualism, College Second Language Programs, Difficulty Level
