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Lalli, Joseph S.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1997
A study of three children (ages 3-9) with severe problem behavior investigated alternatives to the typical application of noncontingent reinforcement (NCR) for problem behavior. Instead of using continuous access to reinforcers and extinction, the study found that an NCR schedule based on latency and NCR without extinction were more effective for…
Descriptors: Behavior Disorders, Behavior Modification, Children, Extinction (Psychology)

Van Camp, Carole M.; Lerman, Dorothea C.; Kelley, Michael E.; Contrucci, Stephanie A.; Vorndran, Christina M. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2000
The efficacy of noncontingent reinforcement with variable-time (VT) schedules was evaluated by comparing the effects of VT and fixed-time (FT) reinforcement schedules with two individuals with moderate to severe mental retardation and severe behavior problems. Both VT and FT schedules were effective in reducing problem behavior. (Contains…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Adults, Aggression, Behavior Problems