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Download full textFoundation for Excellence in Education (ExcelinEd), 2017
Learning to read by the end of third grade is the gateway to lifelong success. When students are not able to read by the end of third grade, their risk of falling behind grows exponentially. In fact, research shows that nine out of ten high school dropouts were struggling readers in third grade. Students reading below grade level are almost six…
Descriptors: Reading Instruction, Educational Policy, Primary Education, State Policy
Graves-Desai, Kelly, Ed. – Harvard Education Letter, 1999
This document is comprised of the six issues in volume 15 of the Harvard Education Letter, a bimonthly newsletter addressing current issues in elementary and secondary education. Articles in this volume include the following: (1) January-February--"Retention vs. Social Promotion: Schools Search for Alternatives" (Kelly), and "School…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Art Education, Brain, Classroom Techniques
Peer reviewed
Direct linkStone, Susan; Jacob, Robin Tepper – Education Next, 2005
Despite mixed reviews from many educators--and some researchers--Chicago's retention policy to end social promotion has turned out to be a popular program. Surprisingly, perhaps, its most avid fans are the people most affected by it: teachers and students. Chicago's ending of social promotion was intended to make educators pay more attention to…
Descriptors: Program Effectiveness, Teacher Surveys, Student Surveys, Reading Skills
