Identifies four treatment techniques that may be applied when problem behavior is maintained by negative reinforcement: (1) functional communication training; (2) behavioral momentum; (3) differential reinforcement or an alternative escape behavior; and (4) errorless learning. Each of the techniques is defined, and applications and guidelines for…

This study examined the effects of three reinforcement histories on the persistence of task engagement by two students (ages 9-10) who were off task during independent seat work. Results found the reinforcement history that contained an instructional control component produced the greatest persistence in student engagement. (Author/CR)

Evaluates the effectiveness of a parenting intervention, namely The Positive Parenting Program, in reducing child behavior problems in the classroom. The levels of teacher reported conduct problems were significantly lower in the intervention schools. The results provide evidence that a parent training program can be effective in reducing the…

A study investigated the effectiveness of an augmentative and alternative communication intervention as part of a school-wide positive behavioral support plan for enhancing the communication behaviors and reducing behavioral problems of 67 students (ages 6-21) with intellectual disabilities. After intervention, communication behaviors increased…

Describes "Critical Thinking," a training strategy developed to guide staff who are serving families with multiple challenges. Discusses insights that staff generated through the "Critical Thinking" process about the characteristics of families with multiple challenges and the strategies considered effective in addressing those families' needs.…

Presents results of a qualitative study of four school psychologists' and four teachers' beliefs about causes of student behavior problems and their relation to preferred treatment, teachers' perceived role(s) in consultation, and beliefs about the process and efficacy of consultation. Thematic analyses of the data produced four themes that are…

Evaluated the Connected Mathematics Project (CMP), a middle school reform mathematics curriculum used in Louisiana's Lafayette parish. Analysis of Iowa Test of Basic Skills and Louisiana Education Assessment Program mathematics data indicated that CMP schools significantly outperformed non-CMP schools. Surveys of teachers and students showed that…

The paper argues that behavioral research with children might have more impact if experimenters paid more attention to assessment of long term maintenance effects, dissemination, and social validity of behavioral programs. Selected illustrative studies from the child behavior modification literature are reviewed and suggestions offered. (DB)

Twenty-four parents of hearing-impaired children (aged 2-12) participated in a self-instructional program to reduce stress. Participating parents reported no significant decreases in stress levels relative to control subjects (n=26). Parents' perceptions of child misbehavior revealed that the incidence of child misbehavior decreased for…

Discusses recent trends in professional education that incorporate administrator mentoring. Explores the use of mentoring at the preservice preparation level by the Danforth Principals' Program and its use in the process of professional induction by the Ohio LEAD Center. Discusses selection and training of mentors. Explores characteristics of…

Summarizes literature on early childhood (EC) program evaluation, presents an overview of the national standards addressing quality in EC programs, and presents the results of a survey of the evaluation practices of 18 model EC programs. Found that the programs' evaluation procedures were varied, well-developed, open-ended, and process-orientated.…

Compared low-birthweight infants who participated in an intervention involving educational and family support services during the first three years of life with low-birthweight infants who received pediatric follow-up. Intervention group infants scored higher on cognitive tests and lower on measures of behavior problems at 24 and 36 months than…

Evaluated effectiveness of a cognitive-behavioral parenting program for parents of children ages 1 to 5 years offered through community-based family resource centers. Found that participants showed significant decreases in use of verbal and corporal punishment, and increases in nurturing behaviors as measured by the Parent Behavior Checklist.…

Discusses the prevalence of service learning, growing public support, definitions, quality standards, and salutary research evidence. Service learning positively influences students' personal and interpersonal development, lifestyle choices, appreciation for cultural diversity, sense of civic and social responsibility, motivation, attendance,…

The impact of a training program to help staff prevent and effectively manage aggressive behavior was assessed with 109 staff members who worked in services for persons with developmental disabilities. Instruction in distraction, defusion, and nonaggressive physical intervention strategies was provided. The training significantly improved…