Rather than being just the presentation of information, environmental education helps learners achieve environmental literacy, which has attitude and behavior components in addition to a knowledge component. This form of environmental education has its roots in nature study, conservation education, outdoor education, and the U.N. Tbilisi…

Examined how a spouse can help or hinder an individual who wants to stop smoking. An experienced helpfulness score was calculated from the responses of married subjects (N=46) in a smoking cessation program. Successful abstainers had partners who were more reinforcing and less punishing of the subjects' efforts. (JAC)

Used monetary contracts to evaluate artificial incentives in weight reduction. Overweight men (N=89) were assigned to weight reduction treatment groups which varied by amount of deposit and type of contract. Results showed group contracts produced more weight loss than individual contracts. Amount of deposit was only weakly related to outcomes.…

This article presents a method for disentangling the effects of an intervention from changes that are due to growth and regression to the mean. The method is illustrated in the context of evaluating the effect of the Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) on infant growth. (Author/LC)

Describes the history, philosophy, organization, referral process, and evaluation of ten secondary school programs that offered inschool alternatives to suspension. Suggests that program effectiveness was partly determined by: (1) administrators' acceptance of the program; (2) efficiency of the referral process; (3) program linkages with other…

A "nonequivalent control group" design was employed to measure the effectiveness of a continuing education program developed to enhance a community pharmacist's ability to respond to requests for nonprescription medication. Data analyses indicated a significant improvement in the participant pharmacist's abilities. (Author/GK)

Direct instruction refers to an instructional pattern that stresses teacher directiveness, academic focus, and structured, sequential learning activities. The present study investigated the effectiveness of direct instruction with learning disabled children. (Author/BW)

Obese persons about to enter a group program intended to produce "conditioned satiety" were asked to estimate their weight loss. Their outcome expectation correlated significantly with weight loss recorded seven weeks later. However, the magnitude of expected weight loss exceeded the actual amount of weight lost. (Author)

Smokers were assigned to a smoking abstinence program, a smoking abstinence program plus social support, a smoking abstinence program plus social support and paraprofessional training, or a control group. Results revealed incremental improvement in treatment outcome due to social support and paraprofessional training manipulations. (Author/BEF)

Drinking and smoking habits of a group of college students did not change after a 15-week period of exercises. Results indicate a conscious commitment to changing life-styles may be an important factor and should be considered before physical activites are added to drug and alcohol abuse programs. (Author/JAC)

Describes a seven step decision-making process which enables organizations to examine training situations to determine whether behavior modeling is appropriate. Includes a behavior modeling decision flow chart. (JOW)

Results of a three-year study on the effects of camping on approximately 450 physically handicapped children are examined in terms of changes in self- concept and behavior patterns, parental expectations of the camping experience, and implications for counselor training and selection. (CL)

The efficacy of different schedules of reinforcement (progressive and fixed) for promoting and sustaining cigarette abstinence was compared using 60 cigarette smokers. Results found that the progressive and fixed groups achieved greater levels of abstinence than controls and that the progressive group was less likely to resume smoking. (Author/CR)