This paper reviews the history of school-based alcohol and drug abuse prevention programs; summarizes problems with these approaches, such as not focusing on youths at high risk or with disabilities; offers a rationale for including parents in prevention programs; and discusses typical approaches to parent-involvement programs and major…

Discusses integration of the government publications reference collection into the central reference collection at the University of Arizona library. Topics include the integration process, training methods, the training program effectiveness survey, perceptions of competence in reference provision, and an assessment of government documents…

Evaluates the effectiveness of Reading Recovery (RR) in 10 schools in New South Wales. Finds that the RR group was superior to control students after 15 weeks, but that no differences were found after 30 weeks. Finds that 12 months after discontinuation, 35% of the students directly benefitted from the program, 35% had not been…

An economic impact study of Ohio's public universities and medical schools provides documentation that state appropriations yield financial returns higher than virtually any alternative use of state funds, in the form of economic growth and increased opportunity for financial security. Some significant findings of the report are summarized here.…

Examines the likelihood of children and families being resilient in the face of poverty and its associated risks. Discusses findings from the resilience research literature and provides some recommendations regarding Head Start. Suggests that competence and confidence can flourish even under adverse conditions, if children are provided with a…

Implemented program to decrease incidence of new smokers among black adolescents. Program combined school-based curriculum with comprehensive media intervention. There were two experimental conditions: one group participated in school-based intervention and was prompted to participate in multimedia intervention; other group had access to…

First grade teachers (n=313) completed a questionnaire during the first and second years of the Smoke-Free Class of 2000 project. Initially 64% of recipients used drug prevention education materials; 40% of first-year users did not maintain use 1 year later. Identified four scales predictive of initial and continued use that provide teacher…

This survey of 331 institutions of higher education found that attributes of the postindustrial environment--scarcity of resources, competitiveness, and turbulence--are negatively associated with the effectiveness of four-year colleges and universities. Participative decision making, domain offense strategies, and political decision processes…

This study found that participants (n=78) in Science, Society and the Future, a problem-based course for gifted high school students, exhibited significant improvement in problem-solving schemes compared to a group of 42 gifted nonparticipants. The pattern of change was not consistent across problem-solving steps. (JDD)

Evaluation of the interactive intervention model with mothers and young children (n=32) with developmental delays found that treatment mothers became more responsive and less directive and provided clearer linguistic models. Treatment children increased their use of vocal turns but did not make significantly greater improvement in overall…

A study investigated the attitudes of 111 college deans toward marketing in higher education, especially as they relate to the deans' academic fields (pure vs. applied). Results indicated no significant differences between the groups' perceptions and that, in general, deans support marketing but not that marketing improves educational quality.…

Sixth grade students tutored four moderately mentally handicapped elementary students in mathematics. Results indicated increased math skills. Teachers rated the program positively and reported increased academic and/or social achievement among subjects. Tutors and tutees reported positive attitudes toward each other. A two-year follow-up study…

The McMaster University (Canada) undergraduate medical program participated in a nine-school self-study of clinical evaluation. Comparison of top-ranked problems found lack of transmission of evaluative information from one clerkship unit to subsequent ones to be a common problem. Faculty unwillingness to record negative evaluations was exclusive…

This study assessed the effectiveness of a broad-based psychotherapeutic intervention with about half of a group of 72 children sexually abused at a residential school for the deaf. Findings indicated a powerful treatment effect, with boys and girls differing in the specific areas of improvement following therapy. (Author/DB)

The University of Kentucky Medical Center has developed a preceptorship program in which a new resident physician is paired with a nurse to assist for an eight-hour shift. The program has given residents familiarity with hands-on nursing care, increased appreciation of nursing responsibilities, and fostered better communication with both nurses…