Critics of the Virginia Standards of Learning claim the tests do not allow teachers and students to explore their own interests. Proponents say the tests might force schools to cut out time-wasting activities (like Friday movies) and concentrate on performance. Parents worry about their kids' progress. (MLH)

This study investigated the efficacy of an integrated phonological awareness intervention approach with 61 New Zealand children (ages 5-7) with spoken language impairment (SLI) and 30 typically developing children. Children who received the phonological awareness intervention reached levels of performance similar to typically developing children…

This article describes an Irish program linking mainstream pupils (n=30) and their counterparts with severe and profound learning difficulties (n=16) and assesses the social and educational benefits for all involved. The program had a positive impact on the emotional reactions of young people toward interacting with their peers with learning…

Evaluates three training techniques for enhancing independent living skills and examines differential treatment efficacy. Results, based on 30 severely or profoundly mentally retarded adults, indicate that the control group failed to achieve the results of the two treatment groups. Findings support the necessity of implementing updated treatment…

Argues that the use of Total Quality Management, School Development Planning and Office for Standards in Education Inspections intensifies teachers' work and encourages schools and teachers to "fabricate" themselves for the purposes of evaluation. Uses data from a secondary school to illustrate these points. (DSK)

Describes seven "habits" for effective school library media specialists: (1) Be proactive; (2) Begin with the end in mind; (3) Put first things first; (4) Think win/win; (5) Seek first to understand, then to be understood; (6) Synergize (get students, teachers, administrators, community members to work cooperatively); and (7) Sharpen the saw (take…

Describes how non-Southeast Asian instructors, over a two-year period, designed and taught courses for Cambodian and Vietnamese human-service workers. Discusses the difficulty of modifying standard questionnaires for these participants and the limited benefits of formal evaluation processes. Several insights, however, were gleaned through…

Discusses several postulates of empowerment theory particularly relevant to guiding the practice and analysis of substance-abuse prevention and education programs. The empowerment model predicts that the empowerment of students and staff will increase both the effectiveness and the longevity of programs. (EMK)

A comparison of 33 Australian adolescents with Down syndrome who did not receive early intervention services and 41 adolescents with Down syndrome who had received early intervention services found no significant difference between the two cohorts in cognitive functioning. Socioeconomic status, mothers' education, and gender were predictors of…

Functional analyses were conducted with three boys (ages 4-7) with behavior disorders. The students were then successfully taught to self-manage incompatible appropriate behavior as well as appropriate requests for reinforcement (i.e., escape, attention, materials) identified as functionally related to the problematic target behaviors. (Contains…

Reports results of a 2-year program to put high-quality children's books in urban child-care centers. Gives an overview of the project, detailing its progress, processes, and impact on children's literacy development. Suggests to increase the volume, quality, and intensity of young children's stimulating experiences with good books at an early age…

Presents research on reading performance that focused on whole schools. Considers early reading programs in high-poverty, high-performing schools and how these schools allocated resources to develop, implement, and sustain their early reading programs. Identifies practices in specific high-performing, high-poverty schools through case study…

Reports on an exploratory study concerning the effectiveness of specific design features in talking book software. Considers how talking book software has the potential to complement current approaches to literacy instruction. Notes that electronic books can complement teaching approaches in infant classrooms and can positively affect both…

Investigates formulation of an appropriate 4-year high school program of study consisting of required courses and electives that would provide a map of educational milestones for realizing a student's career aspirations. Results suggest that interventions including announcements, handouts, and computer-assisted classroom career guidance were…

This study evaluated an HIV/AIDS education program provided to 31 employees of a sheltered workshop for persons with developmental disabilities. A survey of sexual activity supported the need for such a program. Comparison of pretest and posttest scores on an AIDS Risk Knowledge Test revealed an increase in knowledge that was related to the…