Students with extensive support needs are at risk of demonstrating challenging behavior due to inadequate support of their individual needs or class-wide factors such as low quality of instruction. Students with extensive support needs are also among the students who are most likely to experience aversive interventions and be placed in segregated…

In the current climate of increasing fiscal and clinical accountability, information is required about overall program effectiveness using clinical data. These requests present a challenge for programs utilizing single-subject data due to the use of highly individualized behavior plans and behavioral monitoring. Subsequently, the diversity of the…

This guide identifies existing materials which form a nucleus of information in the adjustment services field. Five sub-processes within the larger adjustment services process are used as the framework by which this information is structured in the guide. They are (1) behavior observation, identification, and analysis; (2) developing the…

Reauthorization of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) specifies that a behavioral intervention plan (BIP) must be developed for students with disabilities under certain disciplinary exclusions. IDEA, however, does not provide details as to what should be included in BIPs, and this lack of specific guidance often results in…

This report describes and evaluates the 1983-84 TOPS (Teaching /Outreach/Parent Involvement/Skills Development) program in the Dade County Schools, Florida. Designed for severly emotionally disturbed elementary school students, its full services approach contained the following components: (1) a highly structured academic program employing…