This paper introduces an empirical strategy to estimate dynamic treatment effects in randomized trials that provide treatment in multiple stages and in which various noncompliance problems arise such as attrition and selective transitions between treatment and control groups. Our approach is applied to the highly influential four year randomized…

The More Effective Schools project, an effort to make the schools better able to solve the basic reading and arithmetic problems of disadvantaged children, brought about a reorganization and expansion of the teaching and administrative staffs of elementary schools in New York City. The combined black and Puerto Rican population in the project…