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Little, Todd D.; Chang, Rong; Gorrall, Britt K.; Waggenspack, Luke; Fukuda, Eriko; Allen, Patricia J.; Noam, Gil G. – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2020
We revisit the merits of the retrospective pretest-posttest (RPP) design for repeated-measures research. The underutilized RPP method asks respondents to rate survey items twice during the same posttest measurement occasion from two specific frames of reference: "now" and "then." Individuals first report their current attitudes…
Descriptors: Pretesting, Alternative Assessment, Program Evaluation, Evaluation Methods
McNamara, J. Regis; And Others – 1968
About 180 Negro Head Start children in Dade County, Florida, were tested (1) to discover if the county's program contributed significantly to language skills, social skills, and self-concept development and (2) to determine if an efficient instrument could be developed to measure self-concept in the disadvantaged child. Pretests and posttests used…
Descriptors: Child Rearing, Compensatory Education, Disadvantaged, Language Skills