Large numbers of students who enroll in college do not complete a degree. Yet, earning a college degree is one of the primary pathways for economic success and is increasingly required for good jobs and high wages. The way students interpret early academic struggles in college may affect whether or not they remain enrolled. If students attribute…

Large numbers of students who enroll in college do not complete a degree. If students attribute their academic challenges to a perceived lack of intelligence or inability to succeed in college, they may be less likely to persist. "Growth Mindset" interventions aim to improve college persistence and academic achievement by encouraging…

"Growth Mindset" interventions aim to improve college persistence and academic achievement by encouraging students to view intelligence as a "malleable" characteristic that grows with effort, and to view academic challenges as temporary setbacks that they can overcome. This What Works Clearinghouse (WWC) report explores the…

In 2009, the National Center for Postsecondary Research (NCPR) launched an evaluation of eight developmental summer bridge programs in Texas to assess whether these programs reduce the need for developmental coursework and improve student outcomes in college. The evaluation uses an experimental design to measure the effects of these programs on…

This report, based on a mailed survey of institutions that were members of the National University Continuing Education Association during 1985-86, includes data from 66 responding institutions, including colleges and high schools. This report is organized in six parts. The first part outlines the total program scope, including enrollment and…

Surveys listing 20 issues relating to school choice and special education were sent to the 102 Directors of Special Education in Minnesota. Directors were asked to rate issues as important or not important. The 54 responding directors identified the following issues as most important: (1) excess program costs; (2) effects of enrollment options on…

At the end of September, 1978, 37,000 low-income youths in seventeen competitively selected communities across the country were enrolled in Youth Incentive Entitlement Pilot Projects which guaranteed them a part-time job during the school year and a full-time job during summer months on the condition that they remain in, or return to, a secondary…

This manual provides administrative guidelines for programs for gifted students in Missouri. An introduction cites the relevant state special education law, defines "giftedness," and stresses that differentiated educational programs are intended for only 2 or 3 percent of the school-aged population whose development requires…

The Youth Incentive Entitlement Pilot Projects were set up to aid disadvantaged youths, ages 16 to 19, guaranteeing them a part-time job during the school year and a full-time job during summer months on the condition that they remain in, or return to, a secondary school or enroll in an equivalency education program. It was started in January,…

Missouri's vocational education delivery system involves 478 public school districts, institutions of higher education, and state agencies. The system' 445 comprehensive high school districts include 52 area vocational schools, 12 community/junior colleges, 1 adult technical college, 9 colleges and universities, and 2 state agencies. A system of…

An administrative survey of Adult Basic Education (ABE) programs in Pennsylvania during fiscal 1982-83 indicated that, although the level of funding for adult education programs was reduced from 1981-82 and 1982-83, progress was made in increasing the availability of programs throughout the state. However, the rate of enrollees who dropped out of…

All of Washington's 22 tech prep consortium directors responded to a 1994 survey examining selected aspects of tech prep planning/implementation. Ten of Washington's 22 consortia reported having tech prep students (only 1 of 15 consortia in 1992-93), and secondary student enrollment in tech prep programs totaled 2,203 (170 in 1992-93). All 19…

A study compared the Career Intern Program (CIP) with five other alternative youth programs. (The CIP is an alternative high school designed to enable disadvantaged dropouts or potential dropouts to earn regular high school diplomas, to prepare them for meaningful employment or postsecondary education, and to facilitate their transition from…

During fiscal year 1994, enrollment in secondary and postsecondary vocational education (VE) programs in Maryland totaled 201,570 and 66,331, respectively. Career and technology education was provided to a total of 3,664 secondary disabled individuals, 762 disabled adults and postsecondary students, 6,177 secondary disadvantaged students, 6,221…

During the 1980-81 school year, enrollments in vocational education programs totaled nearly 16.9 million and federal, state, and local capital outlays for vocational education increased by approximately $470 million from 1979-80 to an all-time high of $7.3 billion. Vocational education also served significantly increased numbers of handicapped,…