Mobile performance support systems (MPSS) are being adopted to support workplace performance across many industries and organizations as a non-formal learning solution. MPSS provides just-in-time access to assist workers in completing job tasks from anywhere with minimal help from others. A review of the literature suggests that empirical research on MPSS is sparse and sporadic. The purpose of this study was to explore the benefits and challenges of adopting MPSS in the workplace. Participants were 15 managers and leaders from companies and organizations in the learning and development sector in North America who were involved in the design and implementation of MPSS. The study employed qualitative field interviews and thematic analysis to identify nine major benefits and seven top challenges. Illustrative examples of each benefit and challenge are provided. Implications for organizations and practitioners who are considering adopting MPSS to support performance are discussed.