The study investigates the potential of anxiety clusters in predicting programming performance in two distinct coding environments. Participants comprised 83 second-year programming students who were randomly assigned to either a block-based or a text-based group. Anxiety-induced behaviors were assessed using physiological measures (Apple Watch…

Many countries are revising their computing curricula, including Serbia, where coding became a core subject in primary schools in 2017/2018. Gamification is a common teaching method, yet little research explores primary students' motivation to learn coding through gamification. This study aims to investigate the factors that influence primary…

Background/Context: Computer science has been making its way into K-12 education for some time now. As computer science education has moved into learning spaces, research has focused on teaching computer science skills and principles but has not sufficiently explored the emotional aspects of students' experiences. This topic warrants further study…

Background: Problem-solving is a multidimensional and dynamic process that requires and interlinks cognitive, metacognitive, and affective dimensions of learning. However, current approaches practiced in computing education research (CER) are not sufficient to capture information beyond the basic programming process data (i.e., IDE-log data).…