Purpose: Most educational assessments tend to be constructed in a close-ended format, which is easier to score consistently and more affordable. However, recent work has leveraged computation text methods from the information sciences to make open-ended measurement more effective and reliable for older students. This study asks whether such text…

Asks how the "Art in America" radio programs illustrate the way educational mass media emerged from its forerunners of adult education, museums, libraries, and distance education. Discusses the precursors to the program, its production, the programs as education and as entertainment, and how listeners learned from radio. (DSK)