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Download full textYaluma, Christopher B.; Tyner, Adam – Thomas B. Fordham Institute, 2018
In 2018, the United States continues to see wide and worrying achievement gaps among student groups, despite decades of programs and policies meant to narrow them. Many factors inside and outside the education system contribute to these gaps, but researchers have consistently shown that black, Hispanic, and low-income students tend to enter school…
Descriptors: Grade 4, National Competency Tests, Academic Achievement, Poverty
