Parenthood is a unique turning point in women's careers. Mothers, but not fathers, experience large and persistent child penalties to earnings after the birth of their first child. Child penalties mainly result from three differences between mothers and fathers in response to childbearing: hours worked, labor market exit rates, and wages (Kleven,…

A recent publication by the American Council on Education's, Office of Women in Higher Education (2010), shows that women and minorities promoted to senior level administrative positions have made gains. However, they remain underrepresented on most campuses. This paper argues that the slow emergence of women and minorities into senior level…

On February 18, 2010, the Council for Advancement of Adult Literacy (CAAL) convened a Roundtable meeting of 19 leaders of local institutions identified by their peers as providing exemplary "adult education for work" service within a particular community or local labor market. The institutions are located in 16 states representing all…

This article investigates factors that motivate participants in learning and training activities to transfer skills, knowledge and attitude from the learning setting to the workplace. Based on training transfer theories hypothesized by Holton (1996), one of the major theories that affect an organization's learning is motivation to transfer theory.…

The transition to management is one of the most difficult challenges first-time managers face--almost half fail. First-time managers may experience disorienting dilemmas that trigger transformative learning. HRD (human resource development) practitioners can assist in reducing the failure rate of first-time managers when they better understand the…

Reports the results of a survey questionnaire of 208 professional, Canadian children's librarians and discusses their professional development needs. (CHC)

This booklet presents five papers that address the issue of whether 360-degree feedback (in which a manager or executive receives feedback on how bosses, peers, and direct reports see him or her) should be used only for development, or whether 360-degree feedback (also known as multi-rater feedback) should be used for administrative purposes such…

This study empirically examined the tasks of the maintenance stage of career development as posited by Super (1957), which include holding one's own, keeping up with new developments, and breaking new ground. Participants included upper and mid-level managers in a health care organization. The participants were between the ages of 35 and 64 and…

It was predicted that the inclusion of token females into executive job classifications would exacerbate feelings of relative deprivation among female secretaries and would therefore create alienated behavior on the part of the secretaries. An opposite pattern was found. Secretarial subjects (N=68) were randomly assigned to an all-male or…

The relevance of assessing attention or concentration skills for personnel selection is discussed, and how a person's interpersonal characteristics are influenced by and influence attentional skills is explored. Scales in the Theory Attentional and Interpersonal Style (TAIS) inventory developed by Robert Nideffer are described. The interaction of…

Distributive justice concerns the fairness of outcomes or allocations, while procedural justice refers to the fairness of the rules and processes used in the distribution of outcomes. Previous research which showed procedural justice to be more powerful than distributive justice used a work context in which the allocation recipient had no personal…

This study attempted to identify the criteria educational administrators use when selecting individuals for promotion. Researchers compared "operative criteria" (those actually used) with "posted criteria" (those espoused). Interviews were conducted with 92 school administrators. Brown's Form PROM, derived from Kelly's role…

A study examined the technical versus managerial roles of public relations practitioners. The study investigated what it takes to be a manager, what skills and perspectives are needed by entry-level practitioners as they climb the ladder, and what actions educators should take to ensure that students learn the critical skills. Three hundred…

A study examined the communication patterns of the mentor-protege relationship and its impact on the organizational advancement of women. In-depth interviews were conducted with 30 women representing two broad job classifications--professional (those in business for themselves) and corporate/organizational (those who were part of some business…

The Tennessee Career Ladder Program consists of a five-step classification system in which Level II teachers (who must have taught for 8 years) and Level III teachers (who must have taught for 12 years) are at the summit with the longest contracts and highest pay. This study surveyed 474 Level II and Level III teachers to determine the perceptions…