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To See or Not to See: The Parallel Processing of Self-Relevance and Facial Expressions
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Liu, Tuo; Sui, Jie; Hildebrandt, Andrea – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2023
The self, like the concept of central "gravity", facilitates the processing of information that is directly relevant to the self. This phenomenon is known as the self-prioritization effect. However, it remains unclear whether the self-prioritization effect extends to the processing of emotional facial expressions. To fill this gap, we…
Descriptors: Self Concept, Human Body, Psychological Patterns, Nonverbal Communication
Transparent Masks Reduce the Negative Impact of Opaque Masks on Understanding Emotional States but Not on Sharing Them
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McCrackin, Sarah D.; Provencher, Sabrina; Mendell, Ethan; Ristic, Jelena – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2022
While face masks provide necessary protection against disease spread, they occlude the lower face parts (chin, mouth, nose) and consequently impair the ability to accurately perceive facial emotions. Here we examined how wearing face masks impacted making inferences about emotional states of others (i.e., affective theory of mind; Experiment 1)…
Descriptors: Disease Control, Human Body, Recognition (Psychology), Psychological Patterns
The Association between Metamemory, Subjective Memory Complaints, Mood, and Well-Being: The Hungarian Validation of Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire
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Csábi, Eszter; Hallgató, Emese; Volosin, Márta – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2023
The current study addressed the relationship between subjective memory complaints and negative affect, well-being, and demographic variables by investigating the Hungarian version of Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire. The original factor structure showed a poor fit on our data; therefore, principal component analysis was conducted on data from…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Memory, Affective Behavior, Well Being
Individual Differences in Naturally Occurring Affect Predict Conceptual Breadth: Evidence for the Importance of Arousal by Valence Interactions
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Chung, Andrew; Busseri, Michael A.; Arnell, Karen M. – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2022
Several studies have investigated the effect of induced mood state on conceptual breadth (breadth and flexibility of thought). Early studies concluded that inducing a positive mood state broadened cognition, while inducing a negative mood state narrowed cognition. However, recent reports have suggested that valence and arousal can each influence…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Psychological Patterns, Psychological Characteristics, Affective Behavior
Surgical Face Masks Do Not Impair the Decoding of Facial Expressions of Negative Affect More Severely in Older than in Younger Adults
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Henke, Lea; Guseva, Maja; Wagemans, Katja; Pischedda, Doris; Haynes, John-Dylan; Jahn, Georg; Anders, Silke – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2022
Surgical face masks reduce the spread of airborne pathogens but also disturb the flow of information between individuals. The risk of getting seriously ill after infection with SARS-COV-2 during the present COVID-19 pandemic amplifies with age, suggesting that face masks should be worn especially during face-to-face contact with and between older…
Descriptors: Hygiene, Disease Control, Health Behavior, Older Adults
The Influence of In-Groups and Out-Groups on the Theory-of-Mind Processing: Evidence from Different Ethnic College Students
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Zhu, Tingyu; Zhang, Lijin; Wang, Ping; Xiang, Meiqiu; Wu, Xiujuan – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2023
According to previous studies of theory of mind (ToM), social environment and cultural background affect individuals' cognitive ability to understand other people's minds. There are cross-group differences in ToM. The present study aimed to examine whether social environment and culture affect the ToM in Uygur and Han groups and whether the…
Descriptors: Ethnic Groups, Theory of Mind, College Students, Cognitive Processes