Concludes that expectancy-violation (when audience does not expect the position a communicator advocates) enhances persuasive effectiveness more than similarity or unexpected similarity. (RL)

Sexual behavior between husband and wife should be regarded as a form of communication. When the message, verbal or nonverbal, implied by the sender is otherwise interpreted by the receiver, a breakdown in communication may result. (CJ)

Nonverbal behavior is used to communicate feelings, likings, and preferences. Practicing counselors could probably be more helpful to their clients if they would become more efficient in the interpretation of nonverbal behavior. (Author)

Analyzes defensiveness in communication as caused by an unwillingness to acknowledge and tolerate differences in others, a fear of change in ourselves, and a desire to avoid mental imbalance. It causes a deteriorating cycle between communicators but can be reduced by empathy, treatment of fellow communicators as equals, and genuineness. (JMF)

In association with an extensive examination of the disclosure literature, this paper describes two laboratory studies designed to yield information regarding the effects of reinforcement on self-disclosing behaviors in an exchange process. In one series, the experimenters manipulated the patterns of personal reward/cost experiences, hypothesizing…

Characteristics of the situation in which a fear-arousing communication is received affect the effectiveness of the communication. The influence of situational factors affecting a recipient's interpretation of the arousal induced by communication were investigated with smokers (N=37) who were exposed to a fear-arousing anti-smoking movie. Prior to…

This research studies the effects of censoring a communication, overriding the censor, and the attractiveness of the censor on the potential audience's attitude and desire to hear the communication. The subjects, 144 undergraduate psychology students, were told that a speech which they were to have heard had been censored by a positively,…

Discusses the rationale of studying kinesics of affective instability, describes the phenonmenon of affective instability, examines the role of kinesics in the overall process of communication, and presents three case studies. (Author/AM)

This study investigated infant crying as a form of communication, with fear considered only one of many possible motivating emotions. Crying, along with fretting and withdrawal, are the major ways infants have to indicate that they desire to change the present situation. Subjects were 91 white, middle class infants whose mothers wete their primary…

The systematic study of Eskimo, Indian, and Aleut musical sound and behavior in Alaska, though conceded to be an important part of white efforts to foster understanding between different cultural groups and to maintain the native cultural heritage, has received little attention from Alaskan educators. Most existing ethnomusical studies lack one or…

Communicative behavior conveys two messages: (1) content, and (2) how the recipient of the communication is to behave with regard to the content, or "relational communication." How the recipient responds to relational communication defines what form the relationship will take--either complementary or symmetrical. In a complementary…

A SELECTION OF EXPERIMENTALLY TESTED MATERIALS, THIS REVISED AND EXPANDED HANDBOOK IS DESIGNED FOR USE IN DEVELOPING NATIONS IN GENERAL AND IN THE EMERGING AFRICAN NATIONS IN PARTICULAR. THE FOLLOWING ASPECTS OF STAFF DEVELOPMENT AND HUMAN RELATIONS TRAINING ARE PRESENTED--TRAINING NEEDS AND CULTURAL INFLUENCES IN ENGLISH SPEAKING AFRICAN NATIONS…

A classified bibliography is presented of 130 University of Wisconsin graduate theses from the Departments of Agricultural and Extension Education, Curriculum and Instruction, Agricultural Journalism, Rural Sociology, Educational Administration, Educational Psychology, Behavioral Disabilities, Educational Policy Studies, and Art Education. Items…