Objective: Our goal was to evaluate the existing literature on psychological, social, and behavioral aspects of chronic hepatitis C viral (HCV) infection and antiviral treatment; provide the state of the behavioral science in areas that presently hinder HCV-related health outcomes; and make recommendations for areas in which clinical psychology…

Objective: Unresolved questions exist concerning diagnosis of ADHD. First, some studies suggest a potential overdiagnosis. Second, compared with the male-female ratio in the general population (3:1), many more boys receive ADHD treatment compared with girls (6-9:1). We hypothesized that this occurs because therapists do not adhere to "Diagnostic…

Previous studies have reported that adding cognitive restructuring (CR) to exposure therapy does not enhance treatment gains in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study investigated the extent to which CR would augment treatment response when provided with exposure therapy. The authors randomly allocated 118 civilian trauma survivors with…

Asserts that therapeutic gains for children may be maximized if important systems serving their mental health needs collaborate. Contends that collaborative efforts between clinic- and school-based practitioners may increase ecologically valid treatment options. Explores both the gains and the potential pitfalls that may arise when school- and…

Psychologists appear no less reticient than psychiatrists toward public revelation of their "money behavior." It is suggested that some of the reticence may reflect shame over the sale of friendship. The impact of comprehensive health insurance is noted. (Author)

Past and present therapeutic orientations, amount and adequacy of training, areas of specialization, and work settings were examined. Results showed that training is most adequate for those who use psychodynamic approaches and least adequate for those who use techniques bearing on social, cultural, and environmental aspects of mental health.…

Surveyed 330 psychologists to determine whether they had been abused as children. Of those who reported being abused (23.9%), approximately 40% reported period of forgetting some or all of abuse. Both sexual and nonsexual abuse were subject to forgetting; most frequently reported factor related to recall was being in therapy. (Author/NB)

An analysis is presented of the reasons for the failure of clinical psychologists to provide strong supporting evidence for the utility of their diagnostic and therapeutic techniques, for the declining interest in diagnostic testing, and for the proliferation of new methods of intervention. (Author)

The hypothesis that anxiety and depression self-report scales tap distinct constructs was tested using confirmatory factor analysis on mood data from nonclinical samples. Results provide evidence that anxiety and depression self-report scales do not measure discriminant mood constructs and may, therefore, be better thought of as measures of…

Using a vignette-based, mailed survey of 1,401 experienced psychologists, psychiatrists, and social workers, the authors examined how clients' race/ethnicity and clinicians' professional and social characteristics affect their judgment of mental disorder among antisocially behaving youths. Vignettes described problematic behaviors meeting the …

This study assesses the effect of labels on clinicians' judgements. Two groups of behavior and analytic therapists viewed an interview of a subject designated as "job applicant" or "patient." Behavior therapists describe the interviewee as fairly well-adjusted regardless of label while psychoanalysts describe "patient" as more disturbed than "job…

A multidimensional scaling technique, INDSCAL, was used to investigate the underlying structure 18 behavioral and 18 nonbehavioral clinical psychologists gave to 73 symptomatic behaviors descriptive of a wide range of psychopathology. Only limited differences between behavioral and nonbehavioral ratings in the structure that provided the…

Subjects' willingness to endorse "universally valid" statements as accurate and meaningful has been demonstrated on repeated occasions. This study investigates whether this "Barnum" effect is best attributed to the prestige of psychologists or to the nature of the statements themselves. (Author)

Results indicated that when the client was described as an unemployed welfare recipient with a seventh-grade education, he was seen as having a poorer prognosis and self-concept; psychologists were less interested in treating this client; and when professional psychotherapy was chosen, it was less likely to be insight-oriented psychotherapy.…

Examined the influences on psychologists' (N=205) acceptance of a child clinical treatment. Results showed the influence of research on clinical practice is affected by complex factors including the study's methodology, availability of training in the provision of a tested treatment, and compatability with existing procedures. (LLL)