To revise the Parental Autonomy Support Scale (PASS) and to validate its psychometric properties in Chinese college students, this study recruited 738 Chinese college students, with 72 of them retested four weeks later. The Parental Psychological Control Scale (PPCS) and the Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) were used to evaluate the validity of the PASS.…

This study tested the factor structure, reliability, and criterion validity of the Academic Encouragement Scale (AES) in 690 university students in China. The AES displayed good internal consistency and test--retest reliability. The data provided evidence supporting a two-factor structure: challenge focused encouragement (CFE) and potential…

In this study, different factor analysis models were employed to test the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) in 11 distinct populations (n = 15,266) in different countries. The results strongly suggest that the most appropriate use of the SCS is to measure levels of Self-Compassionate responding (positive items) and Self-Uncompassionate responding…

Scholarly attention to foreign language learning boredom (FLLB) has surged in recent years. However, little is known about L2 learners' online FLLB experience prompted by the COVID-19 pandemic. To fill this gap, the present mixed-methods study explores the conceptual structure and sources of FLLB in an online learning environment. A corpus of 348…

The literature on tools of attitudes towards ASD was limited. This study is the first to examine the factor structure and psychometric properties of the multidimensional attitudes scale toward persons with disabilities (MAS) in a sample of Chinese college students (N = 1002, 32.10% males). Confirmatory factor analysis supported the G-MAS-R model's…

This study addressed the cross-cultural validation of the Chinese Motivation for Reading Questionnaire (CMRQ) in a sample of 522 seventh to ninth graders from two public schools in eastern China. Confirmatory factor analyses, item-total correlation analyses, and reliability analyses were conducted to assess the psychometric quality of the CMRQ.…

The Digital Stress Scale (DSS) is used to measure digital stress, which is the perceived stress and anxiety associated with social media use. In this study, the Chinese version of the DSS was validated using a sample of 721 Chinese college students, 321 males and 400 females (KMO = 0.923; Bartlett = 5,058.492, p < 0.001). Confirmatory factor…

This study explores the psychometric properties of "Self-Determination Inventory: Student Report" (SDI:SR) in students with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) and without disabilities in China. The paper-and-pencil version of SDI:SR Chinese Translation (SDI:SR Chinese) was used to explore self-determination across students…

Teacher self-efficacy plays an important role in special education; yet, the literature on the measurement of teacher self-efficacy in this field is limited. This study investigated the psychometric properties of the Teachers' Sense of Efficacy Scale with a sample of Chinese special education teachers (N = 401, 24.19% male). Confirmatory factor…

The current study pursued a scale development process to understand spirituality among Chinese college students. From definition to item development, Chinese college students' view and experiences were used as the bases. The validation process involved 1,207 college students from five different provinces, autonomous regions, and direct-controlled…

Since Chinese Ministry of Education has implemented the Higher Education Enrollment Policy in 1999, the quality of undergraduate education has been widely criticized. Meanwhile, the Chinese job market has been constantly changing, due to global competition, technological advances, and job insecurity. This can result in college students and the…

This study investigated the cross-cultural validity of the Preschool Learning Behavior Scale (PLBS) in the Chinese cultural context. Multiple approaches were used for this purpose, including exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, criterion-related validity evidence, and internal consistency reliability estimates. The findings…

This study aimed to develop and evaluate a new parent-report measure to assess primary schoolchildren's academic behaviors in the home context. We developed the Academic Behavior Scale (ABS) and administered it to Chinese parents of primary schoolers along with other measures. Six hundred and forty-five parents and 170 primary schoolchildren in…

To develop the Chinese version of Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation-Outcome Measure (CORE-OM) and examine its psychometric properties, we investigated a sample of 689 non-clinical and 309 clinical participants and found this measurement had good acceptability, internal reliability, test-retest reliability and convergent validity; it had…

The Psychological Sense of School Membership (PSSM) scale has been used for more than 20 years to measure students' sense of school belonging, yet its psychometric properties have had limited examination with pre-adolescent children. This study investigated the utility and psychometrics of the PSSM in three primary school samples from the United…