In a review of 46 meta-analyses of gender differences, overhand throwing had the largest gender difference favoring boys (ES greater than 3.0). Expectations for gender-specific performances may be less pronounced in female Australian Aborigines, because historical accounts state they threw for defense and hunting. Overhand throwing velocities and…

Four principles are drawn from approximately 100 years of research in the area of motor development. The principles are (1) children are not miniature adults, (2) boys and girls (children) are more alike than different, (3) good things are earned, and (4) no body (nobody) is perfect. Five sections of this article introduce some of the major…

A total of 172 sixth grade boys were administered a sociometric measure. Upper and lower 25 percent were administered four motor skill tasks. Results indicated that the high and low sociometric groups could be identified using the four measures of motor skill performance. (ST)

In motor skill performance and retention, the complexity of knowledge of results should interact appropriately with the child's processing rate, since children process information in short-term memory more slowly than adults, and their control processes (rehearsal, naming, grouping, and recording) become more efficient only with increased age. (JD)

Documented the changes in movement substructures and movement time as a function of practice on a rapid aiming task using the arm and hand among 6-, 9-, and 24-year-olds. Findings suggested that, with practice, the primary submovement is lengthened so that it ends nearer the target, especially in children. (Author/KB)

Examined 10- to 13-year-old boys' development of knowledge structure and sport performance in tennis by comparing skills and knowledge of experts and novices. Experts focused on higher concepts and exhibited greater decision-making ability because of their more highly developed knowledge structure. (SAK)

This study focused on the developmental ability of 5, 7, ll, and 19 year olds to use a cognitive strategy to recall a series of eight movements under conditions of randomness, order, or randomness with training to organize. Results are discussed. (Author/MT)

A review of the literature regarding gender differences in physical activity found that gender differences in motor performance were related to age in 12 of 20 tasks and suggested that gender differences prior to puberty may be environmentally induced, but after puberty may be influenced by a biology-environment interaction. (Author/CB)

Changes in information processing during child, adolescent, and adult development affect motor performance. Several of the memory processes that change with development produce increased performance, processing speed, and control processes. (CJ)

This paper provides a description and documentation of two significant events in the history of our field: (1) the development of our field and the doctoral program review process and outcome by the American Academy of Kinesiology and Physical Education; and (2) the process by which the Academy successfully had "kinesiology" included as a…

Researchers evaluated methods of determining young children's gross motor rhythmic ability while analyzing subjects' responses to three stimulus modalities and subjects' time-space response characteristics as a function of sex and the rate of stimulus cues. (GW)

Literature analysis compared training gains in elementary girls' and boys' throwing performance to evaluate whether catchup effects were present. There was a lack of significant interaction between gender and training, supporting the hypothesis that training produces significant improvements in performance for both sexes. There was no catchup…

The purpose of this study was to determine whether data distribution changes as a result of motor skill practice or learning. The data on three dependent measures (movement time; MT), percentage of movement time in primary submovement (PSB), and movement jerk (JEK) were collected at baseline and practice Blocks 1 to 5. Sixty 6-year-olds,…