Discusses systems theory and concepts in relation to pupil personnel services. Systems thinking can provide a framework for pupil personnel managers to: (1) conceptualize their department as a system; (2) assess the performance of the department; and (3) coordinate the problem-solving activity of pupil personnel practitioners. (Author)

Discusses concerns among school psychologists for evaluating goal attainment of their services. Describes an approach for goal-based evaluation of school psychological service departments, termed "Needs-Based Goal Attainment Scaling," that builds upon previously developed approaches to goal attainment scaling. (Author)

Presents a strategy for evaluating public school special service programs. The process allows selected practitioners to coordinate, design, and conduct program evaluations. The nature and scope of a "Program Evaluation Team" is described, and the team process is delineated. (Author/JAC)

Describes models for financing special education and analyzes their potential effects on service delivery practices. Discusses a variety of alternative funding policies. Suggests flexibility of funding, while generally desirable, can lead to abuse at the local level. Most states use a combination of policies. (JAC)

Presents information about education and training in Organizational School Psychology (OSP), and preparation of school psychologists for organizational-level practice. Discusses the nature and scope of education and training in OSP, and describes methods for education and training. (Author)