Background: Changes in reward processing are thought to be involved in the etiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), as well as other developmental disorders. In addition, different forms of therapy for ADHD rely on reinforcement principles. As such, improved understanding of reward processing in ADHD could eventually lead to…

Objective: The authors designed this study to determine if differences exist between male and female collegiate athletes' supplement use and behaviors to modify body appearance. Participants: Collegiate athletes who participated in this study were 241 females and 210 males, aged 17 to 28 years. Method: Participants completed a questionnaire about…

Computer games as new media culture have become increasing popular among young people. Today most children play a different genre of games at different times depending on their age, maturity, and opportunity. While some researchers advocate that similar to computer literacy and information literacy, game literacy will be one of the requirements…

This study examined correlates of pornography acceptance and use within a normative (nonclinical) population of emerging adults (individuals aged 18-26). Participants included 813 university students (500 women; M age = 20 years) recruited from six college sites across the United States. Participants completed online questionnaires regarding their…

This study examined both the frequency and type of noncompliant behavior in 14 boys with co-occurring Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and oppositional defiant (OD) behavior, 24 boys with only ADHD, and 33 nonproblem boys. Mothers rated boys' noncompliant behavior on the Response Style Questionnaire (RSQ) and observers coded…

In this study of 47 gay men, it was found that early sexual fantasies preceded interpersonal sexual experience by an average of four years and functioned as a source of self-knowledge. Current affectional and fantasy themes were related to respondents' lifestyles or desire for a male affectional relationship. (Author/WI)

Investigated the relationship of family structure to psychosocial health in "healthy" and "normal" male adolescents. Families of healthy subjects had significantly more effective parental coalitions and generational boundaries. Suggests the importance of marital transactions for establishing parental coalitions and generational boundaries. (Author)

Previous research in suicidology has revealed that Caucasian males in their 80's pose the greatest suicide risk of any segment of the population. Only a few people have begun to investigate the interrelationships of this target population with the particular environments in which they reside. Realizing that the median age of Skilled Nursing…

THE INTERRELATIONSHIPS AMONG PARENTAL CHILD-REARING ATTITUDES AND PRACTICES ON CHILDREN'S ACHIEVEMENT BEHAVIORS WERE EXPLORED. APPROXIMATELY 104 SECOND-GRADE BOYS WERE SELECTED AS SUBJECTS. FOUR MEASURES WERE EMPLOYED TO ASSESS ACHIEVEMENT AND THREE METHODS USED TO MEASURE ACHIEVEMENT-RELATED PERSONALITY VARIABLES. QUESTIONNAIRES WERE SENT TO THE…

Seventy-six college couples were interviewed with Kohlberg's moral dilemmas interview, given the Mosher Sex Guilt scale and took a sex experience inventory. Men, women, and couples who were at the law and order stage of moral reasoning were higher on sex guilt than those at other levels of morality. Male sex experience was associated with morality…

One hundred forty-six young adolescents and 166 young adults completed questionnaires assessing the appraisal of efforts to cope with 3 common stressful events--conflicts with mother and friend and failure. Significant correlations were found between appraisal and coping, and results suggest that coping is multiply determined. (SLD)

Identifying students at risk for violating alcohol policies could help college administrators minimize many problems. In this study, 154 male college freshmen [mean age 18.01 (SD = 0.50); 63% (n = 54) Caucasian], 68 of whom had been adjudicated for violating alcohol policies, completed an initial questionnaire assessing demographic characteristics…

Variables associated with interpersonal distance were studied in this research project. Since close physical proximity may produce defensive behaviors that are disruptive to learning, instructors must be aware of the combinations of variables that produce the need for increased interpersonal distance in instructor-student interactions. A…