Recent research provides evidence that an intersectional approach to defining reference and focal groups results in a higher percentage of comparisons flagged for potential DIF. The study presented here examined the generalizability of this pattern across methods for examining DIF. While the level of DIF detection differed among the four methods…

Transformative learning theory (TLT) describes the process of reframing discriminative worldviews with a more permeable and reflective epistemology. Although TLT has been around for more than 50 years, few studies empirically engage critical theoretical frameworks to move beyond personal learning to identify the impacts of transformation on…

In September 2001, three white men from Tisdale Saskatchewan sexually assaulted a 12-year-old Saulteaux girl from the Yellow Quill First Nations. At the time, this Reserve was known for having what was called "the worst water in Canada," while nearby Tisdale still advertises itself as the land of "sparkling waters" and the land…