The classification of test-takers into ethnic and racial groups ensures individuals and groups, identified in Title VI and VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the 14th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States, are protected from adverse treatment (Camilli, 2006). The United States Office of Management and Budget (OMB) suggests that…

The practical problem of how to utilize multiple race data in quantitative higher education research collides with neo-conservative and liberal assumptions that a perceived growth in a post-civil rights multiracial population suggests racism no longer exists, and with concerns that multiracial data will undermine civil rights progress. Given that…

Most historical analyses of the scientific study of race focus on the surface level physical features of differing bodies. They fail to consider the scientific and popular accounts of racialized bodies as engaged in routine activity, thereby overlooking corporeal habits as the key historical tenet of the construction of scientific racial…

Research has shown that children use physical features to distinguish among people, and that race can be distinguished by certain features such as skin color and the shape of eyes, nose, and lips. However, L. Hirschfeld (1993, 1994) has argued that children must have the concept of race before they form the race social category and that other…

Our culture draws lines between "races" in a variety of ways. Professional scholars and society in general each have their own set of aims and methods for dividing by race. The professional classifiers have been at times inconsistent and fallacious in their methods. The scientific classifiers (physical anthropologists, for example) assume an…

Race was more salient than sex when 93 white preschool children (46 males and 47 females) in a virtually all-white community characterized photographs of others, but sex and race were equally salient in self-classification. Consistency between cognitive and affective responses increased with subjects' ages from 3.0 to 5.7 years. (SLD)