This study presents findings from an Infant and Early Childhood Mental Health Consultation (IECMHC) initiative in Arizona called Smart Support. The IECMHC used an early childhood mental health consultation model as an early childhood education intervention to address the needs of preschoolers with challenging behaviors. Disparities in…

Provides a historical accounting of the work of early African American educational evaluators to show the critical place of race and culture in both historical and contemporary visions of responsive evaluation. Discusses reasons their work has so largely been ignored. (SLD)

Tests and methodologies were developed to measure both the racial attitudes of Marines and the effects of training at the Marine Corps Human Relations Institute (HRI) on those attitudes. A pilot test of a Social Distance Scale (SDS) and a Situational Attitude Scale (SAS) revealed that two types of racial bias occurred on the SDS: positive/negative…

51 second and third graders participated in a study to determine the extent to which structured group counseling with elementary school students can affect the child's self-esteem. Secondary purposes were to determine the effects on self-esteem of working with significant adults, namely parents and teachers, in the child's life. (Author/JM)

The effectiveness of a special South Carolina rural youth project was evaluated. Initiated in 1972, the project was designed to improve the quality of life of rural youth from low income families via community clubs for youth between the ages of 9 and 16. In order to measure the attitude changes (aspirations and expectations) of club members, a…

Contents of this compilation of testimony include: (1) statements by L. L. Cavalli-Sforza, professor of genetics, Stanford University; Richard A. Goldsby; Irving I. Gottesman, professor of psychology, University of Minnesota; Arthur R. Jensen; and Jane R. Mercer, associate professor of sociology, University of California, Riverside; (2) such…

This study was a secondary analysis of data from the Prenatal/Early Infancy Project (PEIP), a randomized clinical trial of nurse home visits for socially disadvantaged families in a semi-rural community in upstate New York. A sample of 141 primiparous women between 13 and 21 years, unmarried and from lower socioeconomic backgrounds, was selected…

In the summer of 1972, a field experiment on intergroup behavior was conducted in Oakland, California. For the purpose of this experiment, a tuition-free 6-week summer school for black and white students of junior high school age was created. The design of the experiment compared the effectiveness of two treatments in producing "equal…

One educational innovation that is having a widespread and disproportionate impact on the gap in academic achievement between African-American and Latino children and their White peers is Success for All (SFA), a comprehensive reform model for elementary schools piloted in Baltimore in 1987. SFA, a whole-school reform model that focuses primarily…

Data were collected on children's (N=80) sex, race, stanine score on achievement tests, and pretest performance in order to determine the differential effects of the Project AWARE. Findings indicated that children involved in the program achieved greater personal adjustment and accepted responsibility for negative outcomes in social situations.…

This paper describes a comparative study to measure differences in the levels of career indecision for high school seniors (N=113) who are African American, Asian, Hispanic, Native American, White, or mixed race, and are involved in activities in a School-to-Work (STW) program of an urban high school. A demographic survey and the Career Decision…

The primary objective of this study was to determine the most effective of three spelling programs for sixth graders coming from two culturally different and racially distinct areas of a large metropolitan school district. A secondary objective was to examine any differences which might exist between inner-city and suburban children in the…

The Toronto Board of Education's "Change Your Future" program started in spring 1991, targeting at-risk students belonging to racial minorities. The interventions took the form of group meetings and individual counseling by the "Change Your Future" counselor. The program took place in the Toronto Board over 2 school years…

Oklahoma is one of three states to offer a free prekindergarten (pre-K) program to all students in participating school districts on a voluntary basis. Fortuitous circumstances in Tulsa, Oklahoma, the state's largest school district, permitted an unusually rigorous evaluation of the pre-K program in Tulsa. Because 4-year-olds beginning pre-K and…

People Place of Houston, Texas provides racially isolated elementary school children with exposure to various world cultures. The children who visit this center are selected from schools with a majority of Black, Anglo, or Mexican American children. Two major objectives of People Place are: the reduction of group isolation and discrimination, and…