Examined the impact of black race on earnings, comparing African immigrants with native-born blacks and whites and white immigrants. Data from the 1980 and 1990 U.S. Population Censuses indicated that African immigrants had the highest educational attainment but the lowest earnings returns to education. Results highlighted a racial hierarchy in…

Antagonism towards multiculturalism and immigration adversely affects superordinate and subordinate group relationships. Discusses immigration policy, asserting that the immigration "problem" has not reached epidemic proportions and that the economic deprivation thesis is a "facade" developed by uniculturalists to reinvent the…

It is ironic that the barometer of progress for Blacks has been their success in the performing arts. The film industry has historically shaped and reflected racist attitudes toward Blacks, while the popular music industry still segregates and exploits Black artists. (Author/GC)

Gives a history of court cases (1971-83) that forced changes to be made in the Internal Revenue Code so that discriminatory schools and institutions could not claim tax-exempt status. (ML)

The role of the intellectual in maintaining and fostering the transmission of racist ideology is examined. Intellectual racism is traced from eighteenth-century Europe through the sociological and anthropological racism of the twentieth century. (RLV)

Discusses three broad theoretical varieties of racial inequality (the deficiency theory, bias theory, and structural discrimination theory), suggesting that three basic strategies exist to remedy racial inequality: the civil rights strategy (prohibiting discrimination and enforcing laws), the poverty approach (helping the poor out of poverty), and…

In 1926, Negro History Week was established as a reaction to American racism and as an attempt to defend Black humanity. Black History Month should continue to be the reaffirmation of struggle, determination, and creativity of Blacks against racism and in defense of their humanity. (Author/MC)

Reviews legislation and labor policies which have discriminated historically against Blacks as a class and explains how Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was intended to redress such generalized discrimination. Discusses political and economic factors that jeopardize already insufficient efforts to enforce equal employment opportunities…

Reviews the progress of Blacks in northern urban schools from World War II to the present. Finds that the problems of academic achievement among Blacks remain severe because of the persistence of racism. (DM)

Examining Afro-Americans in Vietnam in three novels reveals three components of their war experience: (1) a positive opportunity to prove fighting skills; (2) disillusionment when treated discriminatorily by white commanding officers; and (3) a cultural-historical search to make sense of their involvement in the war. (LHW)

Presents background information on the evolution of rhythm and blues (R & B) from the 1940s to the 1960s: the origin and naming of selected R & B groups, role of instruments in R & B orchestras, soloist/group vocal practices, and the role that independent record labels played in artists' successes and failures. (Author/ML)

Examines attitudes toward Blacks in South Pacific countries and describes the author's own experiences with Australian Aborigines. Discusses adverse situations, low status, and racial discrimination experienced by Australian Aborigines, New Zealand Maori, and American Blacks as members of the Fourth World (minority groups living in developed…

In this questionnaire survey of Blacks with Master of Business Administration degrees in the Detroit area, the hypothesis tested was that, because of discrimination, Black managers become less optimistic over time about their chances for upward mobility in White firms. (Author/MC)

Recounts personal experiences of the author and other professors of African Descent on White campuses. Topics covered include the following: recruitment, life on the inside, untenured faculty of color, joint appointments, assignment of graduate assistants, classroom experiences, responses to White racism, and life away from work. (EVL)

The protest poetry of Claude McKay, a leading writer of the Harlem Renaissance, is couched in the Western sonnet form. How the poetic form supports or conflicts with the messages of African-American pride and contempt for racism is examined. (SLD)