During the apartheid rule in South Africa, established universities and other tertiary institutions were forcibly segregated to serve particular racial groups. Some critics have stated that the apartheid regime in South Africa supported an exclusively Western model of education, and that university education was based on a mono-cultural approach…

Policy making can be viewed as a large-scale attempt at social justice leadership intended to address vast inequities that persist and are perpetuated in the U.S. K-12 education system. The study examines the text of the Minnesota Desegregation Rule to discern its underlying discourses as they relate to race, racism, and social justice. The…

Discourses that supported de jure segregated schools often invoked White innocence in the form of altruistic motivations. These same invocations are found in more contemporary school policy discourses. The authors of this article argue, based on the concept of intertextuality of discourse, the existence of contemporary schooling policies as…

Critical Race Theory (CRT) has a relatively long history in the United States, from where it originated, dating back to the 1980s. Its presence in UK academic literature, however, is more recent, having surfaced in the first decade of the twenty-first century. I focus in this paper on developments in CRT in the UK from January 2012 to January…

In 1956, southern Congressmen signed the Southern Manifesto, rejecting the Supreme Court's "Brown v. Board of Education" ruling. This moment, in the general American consciousness, marked the rise of White massive resistance to Black advancement, a racist foray doomed to be swept aside by civil rights forces and a determined federal…

"Residential segregation's causes are both knowable and known," writes Richard Rothstein. According to Rothstein, those causes are "20th century federal, state, and local policies explicitly designed to separate the races." Even seasoned policymakers are convinced that the residential isolation of low-income black children is…

New Jersey has a curious status regarding school desegregation. It has had the nation's most venerable and strongest state law prohibiting racially segregated schooling and requiring racial balance in the schools whenever feasible. Yet, it simultaneously has had one of the worst records of racially imbalanced schools. Against the legal and…

Despite the growing ideological divisions, there has been a surprising political convergence on some issues related to urban policy, social services, and housing. From the spread of charter schools and school choice to the expansion of home ownership through financial deregulation, it is apparent that liberals and conservatives agree. Yet these…

Today as part of the network of globalization, the United States is trailing through the 21st century on the note of an unfinished past. As a legally segregated entity of United States citizenry from 1896-1954, people of African descent largely would be on their own when it came to creating a positive self-image. Those who genuinely sought to…

INTEGRATION HAS NOT BEEN COMPLETE BECAUSE OF DELIBERATE RACIAL DISCRIMINATION IN HOUSING AND THE FAILURE OF SCHOOL OFFICIALS TO TAKE ANY ADMINISTRATIVE ACTION TO STOP SEGREGATION OF SCHOOLS. IN ORDER THAT CHILDREN WILL HAVE A FULLER AND BETTER EDUCATION, PLANS TO INTEGRATE THE SCHOOLS HAVE BEEN PROPOSED. ONE WAY IS TO REDISTRICT SO THAT IN EACH…

Although Americans tend to deal emotionally with the issue of school desegregation, it is largely an issue comprised of certain facts. Historically, government has played an active role in creating segregation, but segregation has a capacity to damage Black students. Busing is a safe, cheap, and necessary solution to this problem. (KH)

Rather than focusing on racial balance, one should focus on obtaining real educational effectiveness, which may entail the improvement of presently desegregated schools as well as the creation or preservation of model Black schools. Available from Fred B. Rothman & Co., 10368 West Centennial Road, Littleton, CO 80123. (Author/IRT)

The Assistant Attorney General for Civil Rights in the Department of Justice believes that emphasis on quality, not quotas, will assure equal educational opportunity for all postsecondary students. (SK)

Findings of this study are said to be consistent with the assumption that HEW would be more effective in enforcing desegregation than the courts. Most important finding is said to be the limited amount of explained variance attributable to the Federal courts as enforcement agencies. [Available from Sage Publications, 275 South Beverly Drive,…

Books, dissertations, theses, newspaper and journal articles, and research reports on topics related to race and schools are cited. The 266 citations are divided into 21 areas of interest. (MK)