John C. Weidman (1989) was one of the first to argue that a socialization model is necessary to fully understand college impact. Weidman also contends that socioeconomic status (SES) is an important part of the socialization process for students. In fact, he placed such emphasis on SES that he included it in two locations within his model: (1)…

Analyzing three-year longitudinal data from 18 diverse four-year institutions, this study investigated the role of race in the solidifying plans for a graduate degree. Net of other influences, African American and Hispanic students were significantly less likely than their White classmates to lower their plans for a graduate degree. However,…

A national follow-up study of 3,420 college students found (1) the net positive impact of grades on earnings substantially greater for Black men than White; (2) that grades' impact was not conditioned by college selectivity, major, college race, job type, or employer type; and (3) that direct effects alone underestimate grade impact substantially…

This study investigates the family and school influences on reading and mathematics achievement for students in a voluntarily desegregated school district. General findings suggest that the best main-effects predictors of both reading and mathematics achievement are prior levels of achievement in each area. However, further analysis of the data…

To test Tinto's theory of college attrition, a longitudinal study involving 766 students enrolled in Syracuse University in September 1975 was conducted to determine whether freshmen persisters and voluntary dropouts differed on certain attitudinal and behavioral measures of academic and social integration once selected background characteristics…