Utilizing the concept of race-based traumatic stress, this study tested whether posttraumatic stress symptoms explain the process by which perceived discrimination is related to health risk behaviors among Mexican American adolescents. One hundred ten participants were recruited from a large health maintenance organization in Northern California.…

A phenomenological and consensual qualitative study of clients' lived experiences of cross-racial therapy was conducted to enhance the understanding of whether, how, and under what conditions race matters in the therapy relationship. The sample consisted of 16 racial and/or ethnic minority clients who received treatment from 16 White, European…

This qualitative study is an exploration of 32 urban high school students' narratives about the connection between school, work, and societal expectations of their future success related to their racial and ethnic background. The sample varied along 2 contextual dimensions: participation in a psychoeducational intervention (Tools for Tomorrow) and…

The present study investigated the direct and moderating effects of racial identity, ethnic identity, Asian values, and race-related stress on positive psychological well-being among 402 Asian American and Asian international college students. Results revealed that the racial identity statuses Internalization, Immersion-Emersion, Dissonance, Asian…

Client evaluations of a precollege counseling interview were obtained for black and white students counseled by three experienced black counselors and eight experienced white counselors. In general, racial similarity of client and counselor is not an important factor in these counseling interviews. (Author)

It was concluded that a cultural consensus exists in perception of trustworthiness and that it is more dependent upon nonverbal rather than verbal behavior of the interviewer. (Author)

This study examines the relationship of race- ethnicity and social class to attitudes toward help seeking, race of therapist, self-disclosure, and self reported treatment outcomes. Findings indicate race alone was not related to attitudes toward psychotherapy, but social class was. (Author)

White and Black clients alike expected their counselor to be White. About half of the clients had no preferences. However, clients expressing preferences preferred counselors of their same race. Dropout and satisfaction with treatment were not related to the nature of clients' racial expectations. (Author)

Using Consensual Qualitative Research, 12 licensed psychologists' overall experiences addressing race in psychotherapy were investigated, as were their experiences addressing race in a specific cross-racial therapy dyad. Results indicated that only African American psychologists reported routinely addressing race with clients of color or when race…

The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between race and the level of understanding between counselor and client. Inter- and intraracial differences in understanding during an initial counseling interview also were investigated. Overall, white counselors understood both white and black counselees better than did black…

The Indian students clearly rated the simulated interviews more positively when the counselors enacted trustworthy roles. The ethnicity of the counselor may not be important provided that the non-Indian counselor is trained to use culturally appropriate communicative and trustworthy behaviors. (Author)

W. M. Liu, S. R. Ali, et al. (2004) provide a useful framework to understand the relevance of social class to counseling psychology research, but they overlook the intersection of race and social class in their review. The authors critique the middle-class mythology that pervades social class research in psychology and introduce segmented…

The effect of race and counselor climate on the preferences of delinquent girls for a counselor is investigated. The findings indicate that the strongest preference for a counselor among delinquent girls was when counseling was related to educational-vocational matters. White subjects preferred the black counselor in terms of the personal-social…

Rapport is difficult to achieve, especially for white counselors relating to black clients. It is generally easier to establish a working relationship with a colored, Southern female than it is with a Negro or black urban male. The curriculum must be reworked to help counselors learn to relate more adequately to racial minorities. Originally…

Determined factors of Black student use of university counseling centers. Results indicated Black clients preferred Black counselors. Likelihood of taking a problem to counseling centers increased as counselor preference increased and if counselor was Black. Client and counselor sex and type of problem had no effect on counseling center usage.…