In this article, we contextualize Black racial identity in the current sociopolitical context, and present and discuss a group counseling intervention using poetry as the medium to explore issues that foster a positive sense of racial identity in Black girls. We used the phenomenological variant of ecological systems theory as a framework to…

This phenomenological study aimed to explore the self-care practices of Black female secondary school counselors serving in public school districts in central Indiana. Eight participants were recruited through purposive sampling and participated in semistructured interviews. Findings indicate that participants engage in various self-care practices…

The Adolescent Cultural, Racial, and Ethnic Support (ACRES) model is designed to support adolescents of color in their cultural/racial/ethnic identity development (CREID). Comprised of six developmentally tailored components, the ACRES model is grounded in and delivered through a feminist approach to foster supportive school environments and…

In this qualitative study, 10 White school counselors were interviewed after they completed a 7-week affinity group designed to address their racial identity development, cultural humility, and antiracist school counseling practice. We conducted two semistructured interviews with each participant and analyzed them using interpretive…

This qualitative, grounded theory research study explored the impact of school environment on racial identity among 36 elementary school students of color. The use of an expressive-arts-based questionnaire allowed for rich description of participants' racial identity perception. Findings yielded three themes: racial identity awareness, racial…

This article examines the role of racial identity development in the academic achievement of African American adolescent males. Through the lens of critical race theory (CRT), we highlight how K-12 school counselors may support and enhance the schooling experiences of African American males by understanding and acknowledging how racial identity…

In this article, I outline an approach for critical hip-hop school counseling (CHHSC) for novice and tenured school counselors to use when working with Black boys. Various facets of hip-hop culture (e.g., music, hip-hop scholarship) can sharpen Black boys' "conscientização" (Freire, 1996) and help them discern how interconnected social…

In the United States, transracial adoptions make up 85% of international adoptions and 40% of all domestic adoptions, and most consist of White parents and adoptees of color. This article describes transracial adoptee population trends, provides a transracial adoptee student case illustration, and outlines suggestions for school counselors working…

Black students experience a unique form of pervasive trauma based on their racial identity. Discrimination--a social determinant of health (Social determinants of health)--results in racial trauma that negatively affects students' college and career outcomes, such as career adaptability, career thoughts, career decision making, and postsecondary…

The number of middle school students with multiple heritage backgrounds has grown since they were first able to identify their multiple racial identities in the 2000 U.S. Census. Today, the multiple heritage population makes up 3% (U.S. Census, 2011) of the total population. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the perceptions…

The 12 diversity dimensions of the ASCA Ethical Standards (ASCA, 2010) provided a framework for examining whether a statewide sample of high school counseling websites (N = 312) had content for diverse students and their families. Many websites offered little content related to those dimensions, and content was especially low for some groups…

A total of 1627 school counselors from all 50 states and the District of Columbia participated in a study designed to investigate their personal perceptions of multiracial individuals. Results indicated that school counselors held a wide variety of perceptions and those with 1 to 5 years of experience were more likely to believe that multiracial…

This article provides qualitative outcomes from a group counseling intervention whose goal was to facilitate the ethnic identity development of Mexican-origin youth. Outcomes revealed that participants perceived group participation as meaningful. Themes that emerged from the data included the importance of the relationship to engender change,…

Ethnic and sexual identity development and the interaction of the two identities among Asian-American lesbian and gay adolescents are discussed. Counseling implications are addressed. A theory of parallel and interactive processes of ethnic and social development among Asian-American lesbian and gay adolescents is proposed. Research in the area is…

Investigates children's vocational aspirations are investigated across ethnic groups (N=1,611). The influence of socioeconomic status and political trends. Top career choices of boys and girls are examined by grade (1-6) and ethnicity (Anglo, African American, Hispanic). Recommendations for broadening career knowledge are made for primary and…