Using nationally representative data from the 2010 NCAA Growth, Opportunities, Aspirations and Learning of Students in college (GOALS) survey, this study examines whether student-athletes' cross-racial interactions correlate with their college satisfaction. Our findings suggest a small but statistically significant correlation between cross-racial…

Through an analysis of relevant social science evidence, this article provides a deeper understanding of critical mass, a concept that has become central in litigation efforts related to affirmative action admissions policies that seek to further the educational benefits of diversity. We demonstrate that the concept of critical mass requires an…

In this article, I argue (1) affirmative action diverts attention from more urgent needs of racial justice in education--better quality K-12 education, and better quality and more accessible public higher education; (2) the increasing wealth of students at affirmative action institutions is a sign of diminished quality of those students compared…

This article examines student perceptions of racial segregation on campus in terms of interaction across racial groups. Theories of colorblind racial ideology are used to interpret data from 14 group interviews focusing on 1.) the degree to which cross-group interaction is desired, 2.) perceptions of racial separation among students at a…

Justice Goodwin Liu reexamined seminal affirmative action in higher education legal cases beginning with the landmark 1978 case, "Regents of the University of California v. Bakke" and leading up to the U.S. Supreme Court's 2003 decision in "Gratz v. Bollinger." Liu argued that the "Bakke and Gratz" lawsuits were…

After decades in the political wilderness, school integration seems poised to make a serious comeback as an education reform strategy. A growing number of parents, university officials, and employers want elementary and secondary schools to better prepare students for the increasingly racially and ethnically diverse society and the global economy.…

Diversity is said to bring about a host of educational benefits, yet on campus or off, things aren't working out the way diversity experts planned. In this article, the author reviews recent research challenging the "contact hypothesis," which asserts that putting individuals of disparate cultural backgrounds in the classroom and other…

Suggests that the importance of the Bakke case lies in the fact that it could act as a catalytic agent that would force social theoreticians, especially black ones, to face to an important question: what is the role of racism in the U.S. political economy? (Author/AM)

Suggests that Bakke was not rejected because he was white or because of a minority program, but rather because he was not highly qualified and in addition possibly because of his age. (Author/AM)

Special admissions and affirmative action are certainly worth defending, but the effectiveness and value of these reforms depends on the existence of a powerful movement for social change. The struggle against racism is the key to the struggle for a new social order in the U.S. (Author/AM)

Defines the Court's role in race relations by elaborating on the concept of process values. Process values identify the degree to which political processes and social forces are operating responsibly to address the competing interests of minority groups and majority subgroups. Available from University of Utah College of Law, Salt Lake City, UT…

This booklet contains an edited transcript of a visit by the black civil rights leader to the American Enterprise Institute (AEI) in May 1978. Reverend Jackson addresses issues that go beyond the freedoms won in the civil rights movement toward the goals of educational and economic parity for all Americans. AEI scholars and fellows,…

The Bakke case before the Supreme Court raises questions far beyond the obvious ones about admissions policy. It may be a turning point in the history of American race relations. (Editor/LBH)

The nature of legal argument, including judicial decisions, puts severe limits on the educational advances that can be expected by Black Americans through litigation. The Brown decision, for example, has been a mixed blessing, and the Bakke case shows that the Court is unwilling to support a class-based remedy for discrimination. (KH)

The impact of college admissions policies designed to expand educational opportunity for minority groups is considered. It is suggested that since the Supreme Court decision in the Bakke Case permitted race as a criteria for admission, institutions must articulate their goals in terms of the degree and nature of diversity they hope to achieve.…