In the early 1990s, the Supreme Court established standards to facilitate the release of school districts from racial desegregation orders. Over the next two decades, federal courts declared almost half of all districts under court order in 1991 to be "unitary"--that is, to have met their obligations to eliminate dual systems of…

During 1968 the board of education of Kalamazoo, Michigan appointed a committee on desegregation and charged the group with developing a master plan with target dates for desegregating all levels of the public school system. The committee recommended a detailed three page program that was to lead to total desegregation of local schools by…

In 1969 Ossining had been singled out as 1 of 54 target segregated districts in New York by a state study group known as the Fleischmann Commission. The first steps to desegregate the Ossining elementary schools occurred shortly after the state board of education wrote the school department pointing out the racial imbalance in the elementary…

This report examines the desegregation activities of the Santa Barbara school district focusing on the elementary schools. In 1968 the superintendent requested an onsite review study of Santa Barbara's elementary and high school districts to determine ethnic and racial balance in student enrollments. It was found that 9 of the elementary school…

This is a report on school desegregation in Bogalusa, Louisiana. This school district was selected for study because it offered the unique opportunity to study school desegregation in a rural setting. In the past, Bogalusa operated a dual system of education. In 1965, black parents filed a lawsuit on behalf of their children; Jenkins V. Bogalusa…

Analyzes some of the social and philosophical ideas underlying the Brown decision, and asserts that it has had a more positive effect on race relations in other areas of society than in the area of education. Argues that educators must now assume the role of communicating the importance of Brown to the public. (KH)

This is a report on school desegregation in Corpus Christi, Texas. It discusses in depth the historical and legal basis for school desegregation in Corpus Christi with respect to the litigative processes underlying the issue of school desegregation. This report carefully describes the events leading up to the landmark Cisneros v. Corpus Christi…

This paper presents a broad discussion of the historical, political, and philosophical aspects of school integration as embodied in the Brown decision of 1954. Segregated education is damaging to both whites and blacks. Thus, the Brown decision was beneficial for the majority group as well as for minorities. Historically, in fact, free public…

The history of school desegregation falls into four main stages: litigation (1930-54); demonstration (1955-64); legislation (1965-68); and implementation (1969 to the present). Desegregation has successfully enhanced education, benefited whites as well as blacks, and created a growing acceptance of blacks as leaders. (KH)

The Supreme Court's landmark Brown decision changed the total pattern of race relations in the United States and helped to solidify the foundations of American democracy for the benefit of all Americans. Ironically, although the specific issue which resulted in the Brown decision was concerned with the constitutionality of racially segregated…

This book concentrates on the experiences, personal insights, and big events that made up the battle to desegregate the public schools in Boston, Massachusetts. It also gives the historical background of the struggle. In 1965, Massachusetts passed the first state law against de facto segregation, the Racial Imbalance Act. It was not enforced. On…

The desegregation of the Stamford public schools began in the 1960's with the construction of new schools to meet the needs of the growing student population. The board of education implemented a plan to desegregate the high schools in 1962, the middle schools in 1967 and '68, and the elementary schools in 1970 and '72. In desegregating its school…

The "Brown" decision has had a mixed impact in terms of expectations within the Black and White communities. The decision repealed legal segregation, but it did not, as was prematurely anticipated by most Blacks, insure meaningful social integration in the areas of education, housing, employment, and other social institutions. (Author/GC)

This study was designed to discover and evaluate in the community setting the intergroup relations principles or factors involved in the social change connected with school desegregation. Specifically, an effort has been made to validate in the actual ongoing process of school desegregation a number of selected theoretical or academic principles…