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Crowder, Christopher R.; Gallas, Edwin J. – 1978
Both on-level and out-of-level tests were administered to third and fifth grade children in order to compare the scaled scores of different level tests of the same testing program and to discover whether the relationship between levels might be distorted by ceiling or floor effects. Only reading tests were used in this study. The Stanford…
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, Comparative Testing, Difficulty Level, Elementary Education
Slaughter, Helen B.; Gallas, Edwin J. – 1978
Concern was expressed for the possible effects of testing Elementary Secondary Education Act (ESEA) Title I students with norm-referenced tests that may be so difficult that many students will have scores in the chance range. The likelihood of such students obtaining equal scaled scores if they were tested with easier out-of-level tests was…
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, Comparative Testing, Disadvantaged Youth, Equated Scores
Powers, Stephen; Gallas, Edwin J. – 1978
Fourth, seventh, and ninth grade students in Elementary Secondary Education Act (ESEA) Title I programs were tested with the reading comprehension subtests of the Comprehensive Tests of Basic Skills, at each of two levels: on-level for each respective grade, and an easier out-of-level form. Approximately half of these students were found to be…
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, Comparative Testing, Compensatory Education, Difficulty Level