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Lubczyk, Till; Lukács, Gáspár; Ansorge, Ulrich – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2022
The response time concealed information test (RT-CIT) can reveal that a person recognizes a relevant item (probe) among other, irrelevant items, based on slower responding to the probe compared to the irrelevant items. Thereby, if this person is concealing knowledge about the relevance of this item (e.g., recognizing it as a murder weapon), this…
Descriptors: Reaction Time, Recognition (Psychology), Accuracy, Deception
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Möhring, Wenke; Szubielska, Magdalena – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2023
The present study examined whether scaling direction and perceptual modality affect children's spatial scaling. Children aged 6-8 years (N = 201) were assigned to a visual, visuo-haptic, and haptic condition in which they were presented with colourful, embossed graphics. In the haptic condition, they were asked to wear a blindfold during the test…
Descriptors: Children, Spatial Ability, Tactual Perception, Visual Perception
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Lawrence, Rebecca K.; Cochrane, B. A.; Eidels, A.; Howard, Z.; Lui, L.; Pratt, J. – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2023
When a highly salient distractor is present in a search array, it speeds target absent visual search and increases errors during target present visual search, suggesting lowered quitting thresholds (Moher in Psychol Sci 31(1):31-42, 2020). Missing a critical target in the presence of a highly salient distractor can have dire consequences in…
Descriptors: Visual Perception, Error Patterns, Accuracy, Feedback (Response)
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Papesh, Megan H.; Hout, Michael C.; Guevara Pinto, Juan D.; Robbins, Arryn; Lopez, Alexis – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2021
Domain-specific expertise changes the way people perceive, process, and remember information from that domain. This is often observed in visual domains involving skilled searches, such as athletics referees, or professional visual searchers (e.g., security and medical screeners). Although existing research has compared expert to novice performance…
Descriptors: Visual Perception, Eye Movements, Expertise, Cognitive Processes
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Hsieh, Cheng-Ju; Fific, Mario; Yang, Cheng-Ta – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2020
It has widely been accepted that aggregating group-level decisions is superior to individual decisions. As compared to individuals, groups tend to show a decision advantage in their response accuracy. However, there has been a lack of research exploring whether group decisions are more efficient than individual decisions with a faster…
Descriptors: Test Construction, Group Dynamics, Decision Making, Efficiency
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Weisberg, Steven M.; Chatterjee, Anjan – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2020
Background: Reference frames ground spatial communication by mapping ambiguous language (for example, navigation: "to the left") to properties of the speaker (using a Relative reference frame: "to my left") or the world (Absolute reference frame: "to the north"). People's preferences for reference frame vary depending…
Descriptors: Spatial Ability, Physical Activities, Games, Athletics