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McKoon, Gail; Ratcliff, Roger – Journal of Memory and Language, 2007
A reduced relative-main clause ambiguity occurs in sentences that begin with reduced relative clauses, as in "The hangman executed by the government was convicted of treason." This ambiguity has often been the focus of research designed to investigate the processes by which syntactic structures are built during sentence comprehension.…
Descriptors: Figurative Language, Sentences, Syntax, Literary Devices

Salen, Katie – Visible Language, 1993
Suggests that visual signs help to define form and structure and are significant in their semantic function. Discusses a series of typographic studies that examine the relationship of designer, text and interpreter in the dialectical process of communication in which meaning is rendered and made explicit. (RS)
Descriptors: Higher Education, Reader Text Relationship, Semantics, Syntax

Schatzberg-Smith, Kathleen – Research & Teaching in Developmental Education, 1987
Distinguishes between macrostructures and microstructures in text, reviews research on the comprehension of text structures, and concludes that both theory and research support the presence of a link between text structure and reading comprehension. (DMM)
Descriptors: Literature Reviews, Reader Text Relationship, Reading Comprehension, Reading Research

Penning, Marge J.; Raphael, Taffy E. – Applied Psycholinguistics, 1991
Examines differences in language ability between normally achieving students and learning-disabled students with reading comprehension problems. Poor comprehending students differed from normal achievers for all language measures and in the manner that reader- and text-related variables predicted comprehension. Results supported the positive role…
Descriptors: Grade 6, Learning Disabilities, Multivariate Analysis, Reader Text Relationship
Gilbert, Steven K. – 1996
The concept of Arithmetic Story Grammar is introduced. Arithmetic Story Grammar maintains that any equation containing a single operand tells, in and of itself, a complete story with a setting, plot, theme, and resolution. Multiple-operand equations differ from their single-operand siblings only in the number of actions undertaken and the number…
Descriptors: Arithmetic, Classification, Coherence, Comprehension