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Boutsen, Frank; Park, Eunsun; Dvorak, Justin D. – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2022
Purpose: The Motor Planning Theory of Prosody and reading prosody research indicate that "out of the blue" oral reading, as practiced in clinical and research settings, invokes surface rather than covert prosody, particularly when readers are recorded, less skilled, and/or speech impaired. Warm-up is not considered in passage reading for…
Descriptors: Reading Skills, Suprasegmentals, Reading Fluency, Oral Reading
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Lin, Xin; Peng, Peng; Luo, Hongjing – Learning Disability Quarterly, 2021
The purpose of the study was to compare the deficit profiles of two important types of mathematics difficulties. Three cognitive measures (working memory, processing speed, and reasoning), two mathematics measures (numerical facts retrieval and mathematics vocabulary), and reading comprehension were assessed among 237 Chinese fourth-grade…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Grade 4, Children, Learning Problems
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Fuchs, Lynn S.; Gilbert, Jennifer K.; Fuchs, Douglas; Seethaler, Pamela M.; N. Martin, BrittanyLee – Scientific Studies of Reading, 2018
This study was designed to deepen insights on whether word-problem (WP) solving is a form of text comprehension (TC) and on the role of language in WPs. A sample of 325 second graders, representing high, average, and low reading and math performance, was assessed on (a) start-of-year TC, WP skill, language, nonlinguistic reasoning, working memory,…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Oral Language, Predictor Variables, Word Problems (Mathematics)
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Malone, Amelia Schneider; Loehr, Abbey M.; Fuchs, Lynn S. – Grantee Submission, 2017
The purpose of the study was to determine whether individual differences in at-risk 4th graders' language comprehension, nonverbal reasoning, concept formation, working memory, and use of decimal labels (i.e., place value, point, incorrect place value, incorrect fraction, or whole number) are related to their decimal magnitude understanding.…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Arithmetic, Fractions, At Risk Students
Mellard, Daryl F.; Woods, Kari L.; Md Desa, Z. Deana; Vuyk, M. Alexandra – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2015
This exploratory study identified underlying skill and ability differences among subgroups of adolescent and young adult struggling readers (N = 290) overall and in relation to a fluency-based instructional grouping method. We used principal axis factoring of participants' scores on 18 measures of reading-related skills and abilities identified in…
Descriptors: Adult Learning, Adolescents, Young Adults, Reading Skills
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Fuchs, Lynn S.; Fuchs, Douglas; Compton, Donald L.; Hamlett, Carol L.; Wang, Amber Y. – Scientific Studies of Reading, 2015
This study's hypotheses were that (a) word-problem (WP) solving is a form of text comprehension that involves language comprehension processes, working memory, and reasoning, but (b) WP solving differs from other forms of text comprehension by requiring WP-specific language comprehension as well as general language comprehension. At the start of…
Descriptors: Word Problems (Mathematics), Problem Solving, Reading Comprehension, Short Term Memory
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Etmanskie, Jill M.; Partanen, Marita; Siegel, Linda S. – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2016
There are some children who encounter unexpected reading difficulties in the fourth grade. This phenomenon has been described as late emerging reading disabilities (LERD). Using Grade 4 as a starting point, this study examined the reading development of 964 children between kindergarten and Grade 7. The results showed that 72.0% of children had…
Descriptors: Learning Disabilities, Reading Difficulties, Elementary School Students, Reading Comprehension
Swanson, H. Lee; Orosco, Michael J.; Kudo, Milagros – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2017
This cohort-sequential study explored the components of working memory (WM) that underlie second language (L2) reading growth in 450 children at risk and not at risk for reading disabilities (RD) whose first language is Spanish. English language learners designated as balanced and nonbalanced bilinguals with and without risk for RD in Grades 1, 2,…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Bilingualism, Reading Difficulties, Spanish Speaking