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What Works Clearinghouse Rating
Wilhelm, Jeffrey D. – Instructor, 2001
Think-alouds during reading allow teachers to model their thinking by voicing all the things they are noticing, doing, seeing, feeling, and asking as they process the text. Inferencing is essential for students to comprehend a wide variety of texts successfully. This article describes how teachers can use think-alouds to lend their language and…
Descriptors: Elementary Education, Inferences, Reading Comprehension, Reading Skills
Whitehead, David – Australian Journal of Reading, 1986
Explains five strategies for teaching reading comprehension: (1) imaging or visualizing; (2) paraphrasing; (3) questioning and inference; (4) prereading; and (5) metacognitive strategies. (SRT)
Descriptors: Decoding (Reading), Inferences, Metacognition, Questioning Techniques

McIntosh, Margaret – Reading Teacher, 1985
Argues that making inferences is an integral part of reading comprehension. Presents classroom strategies based on current research that encourage inference skill development. (FL)
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Elementary Education, Inferences, Reading Comprehension

Johnson, Dale D.; von Hoff Johnson, Bonnie – Journal of Reading, 1986
Describes 10 categories of inferences and proposes a three-step procedure for teaching students to make inferences while reading. (HOD)
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Inferences, Learning Strategies, Prior Learning

Poindexter, Candace A.; Prescott, Susan – Reading Teacher, 1986
Offers a metacognitive strategy for helping students answer inferential comprehension questions and a research-based rationale for its use. (FL)
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Elementary Education, Inferences, Metacognition
Block, Cheryl; Beckwith, Carrie; Hockett, Margaret; White, David – 2001
Part of a series, the purpose of this low-readability/high interest book is to enable students to use higher order thinking to develop their reading comprehension skills. The reading skills addressed in the book are based on state reading standards and assessment tests for grades three and four. The goal of this series is to teach students how to…
Descriptors: Context Clues, Critical Reading, Elementary Education, Inferences
Bugsch, Barbara Ann – 1985
Based on the idea that inference abilities are essential to comprehension, this essay discusses systematic oral questioning strategies designed to help both junior and senior high school teachers develop students' reading comprehension abilities. Questioning strategies are examined in terms of their purpose, efficiency, motivation, and required…
Descriptors: Classroom Communication, Classroom Techniques, Cognitive Processes, Inferences
Durr, William K. – Illinois Reading Council Journal, 1986
Although critics persist in attacks on the teaching profession in general and the teaching of reading in particular, both elementary and secondary school reading scores have increased steadily over the past three decades. Even Black and Hispanic students (who still score below the averages for White students tested) have made sizeable gains in…
Descriptors: Directed Reading Activity, Educational Improvement, Elementary Secondary Education, Inferences

Cunningham, Patricia M.; Cunningham, James W. – Reading Teacher, 1987
Develops several lessons that integrate reading and writing for the purpose of understanding and retaining knowledge. Illustrates the use of a feature matrix, as well as webs, outlines, and timelines as organizational devices to engage the students in active comprehension of text. (NKA)
Descriptors: Content Area Reading, Content Area Writing, Critical Reading, Elementary Secondary Education

Ashby-Davis, Claire – Reading Horizons, 1986
Presents a method for improving reading comprehension through direct instruction of inductive reasoning. Students gather clues to personality of characters as play progresses and from these arrive at an overall generalization concerning the complexities of the character. (SRT)
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Concept Formation, Critical Thinking, Drama
Block, Cheryl; Broz, Christine; Hockett, Margaret; White, David – 2002
Part of a series, the purpose of this low-readability/high interest book is to provide instruction and practice in using higher order thinking to develop students' reading comprehension skills. The comprehension skills addressed in the book meet state standards for secondary students grades six and up, and the reading level is fourth and fifth…
Descriptors: Academic Standards, Context Clues, Critical Reading, Fiction
Puerto Rico State Dept. of Education, Hato Rey. Office of Special Education. – 1989
As part of the special education curriculum developed by the Puerto Rico Department of Public Instruction, this teacher's guide (in Spanish) presents a basic curriculum for reading skills. The curriculum is designed so that the defined skills will meet the needs of children with disabilities. The form in which teachers and other professionals will…
Descriptors: Beginning Reading, Disabilities, Educational Objectives, Elementary Secondary Education
Coolidge, Susan W. – 1989
A teaching team leader and second grade teacher designed and implemented a 10-week practicum intervention meant to improve the inferential comprehension of 105 second graders whose reading scores on the Ginn Mastery Tests revealed a gap between inferential and literal comprehension. It was reasoned that the gap would decrease if teachers were…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Elementary School Students, Grade 2, Inferences
Texas Education Agency, Austin. Div. of Educational Assessment. – 1986
The reading learning objectives for fifth graders contained in this volume are congruent with the Texas "State Board of Education Rules for Curriculum." These objectives and the measurement specifications are provided for use by teachers and other educators responsible for student instruction and for test development specialists involved…
Descriptors: Behavioral Objectives, Educational Objectives, Elementary School Students, Grade 5
Texas Education Agency, Austin. Div. of Educational Assessment. – 1986
The reading learning objectives for ninth graders contained in this volume are congruent with the Texas "State Board of Education Rules for Curriculum." These objectives and the measurement specifications are provided for use by teachers and other educators responsible for student instruction and for test development specialists involved…
Descriptors: Behavioral Objectives, Educational Objectives, Elementary School Students, Grade 9