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Bloom, Charles P. – Discourse Processes, 1988
Reports a study to test the hypothesis that processing a story from a given perspective creates two memory representations: an overall representation of the story as a whole and a more enduring schematic trace containing only perspective-consistent information. Results did not show evidence of schematic dominance. (JAD)
Descriptors: Higher Education, Long Term Memory, Models, Perspective Taking
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Lorch, Robert F.; And Others – Discourse Processes, 1986
Describes two experiments showing that experienced readers use text signals to guide their attention to relevant information in a text. Indicates that subjects (1) took longer to read a summary sentence if it was signaled in advance, especially poor readers, and (2) recalled important information better if the information was signaled. (JD)
Descriptors: Memory, Reading Comprehension, Reading Processes, Reading Rate
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Albrecht, Jason E.; Myers, Jerome L. – Discourse Processes, 1998
Demonstrates that reactivation of unsatisfied goal information depended on the type of original goal context and whether it was fully reinstated and that reinstatement of goal information from the distant target episode was successful only when the context was fully reinstated. Supports models of comprehension that assume reactivation of relevant…
Descriptors: Discourse Analysis, Memory, Prior Learning, Reading Comprehension
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Cook, Anne E.; Halleran, Jennifer G.; O'Brien, Edward J. – Discourse Processes, 1998
Tests two views of how relevant global information becomes readily available to readers. Demonstrates that backgrounded information became readily available if it shared features in common with the current contents of working memory. Shows that this occurred independently of whether the information was relevant or thematically related;…
Descriptors: Discourse Analysis, Language Processing, Memory, Reading Comprehension
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Whitney, Paul; And Others – Discourse Processes, 1991
Investigates whether individual differences in working-memory (WM) capacity are related to the ways readers use inferences to facilitate text comprehension. Finds several differences between low-memory-span and high-memory-span readers. Notes that readers with adequate WM capacity can keep interpretations open ended and await more information from…
Descriptors: Higher Education, Inferences, Language Processing, Memory
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Myers, Jerome L.; O'Brien, Edward J. – Discourse Processes, 1998
Hypothesizes a resonance process in which concepts and propositions in the discourse resonate in response to related elements in the current sentence, initiating a process that makes available a subset of the information in the representation. Reviews research; presents explicit assumptions about the discourse representation; and describes results…
Descriptors: Discourse Analysis, Language Processing, Memory, Models
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Zimny, Susan T.; Robertson, Donald U. – Discourse Processes, 1997
Uses W. Kintsch's Construction Integration model as a framework to explore the effects of preexisting attitudes on memory for texts. Shows that preexisting attitudes interacted with attitude texts over delay although not in a direct or expected fashion. Emphasizes the need to manipulate representational levels of attitude texts and to consider…
Descriptors: Attitudes, Discourse Analysis, Higher Education, Language Research
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O'Brien, Edward J.; Raney, Gary E.; Albrecht, Jason E.; Rayner, Keith – Discourse Processes, 1997
Finds that explicit anaphors only reactivated undergraduate students' target antecedents when they are both lexically and conceptually identical to a target antecedent; but as distance between an anaphor and its antecedent increased, even an explicit anaphor did not reactivate a target antecedent. Shows that distant antecedents were reactivated…
Descriptors: Discourse Analysis, Higher Education, Language Processing, Language Research
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Sanford, Anthony J.; Garrod, Simon C. – Discourse Processes, 1998
Outlines the scenario-mapping and focus (SMF) account of text interpretation, which puts mapping of text onto knowledge in a key position with respect to processing. Reviews supporting evidence. Uses plural reference and nonlogical quantification as illustrations of problems that might be better understood within the SMF framework. (SR)
Descriptors: Higher Education, Language Processing, Language Research, Memory
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Britton, Bruce K.; And Others – Discourse Processes, 1986
Indicates that subjects spent more time reading important information than unimportant information and that, when processing time was limited, extra cognitive effort was allocated to accomplish the same result. Finds that important information was also recalled better, confirming the "levels effect." Reports three experiments supporting…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Higher Education, Memory, Reading Comprehension
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Zabrucky, Karen – Discourse Processes, 1986
Investigates the effects of breakdowns in referential and factual coherence on text comprehension and reveals that the processing of factually inconsistent information hindered other information in passages. (FL)
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Coherence, Discourse Analysis, Memory
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van den Broek, Paul; Lorch, Robert F., Jr. – Discourse Processes, 1993
Investigates how adult readers represent causal relations among events in a narrative, specifically by testing two models of text comprehension, the linear chain of text model versus the network model. Provides support for a network model of the representation of causal relations in narratives. (HB)
Descriptors: Communication (Thought Transfer), Discourse Analysis, Higher Education, Inferences
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Golden, Richard M. – Discourse Processes, 1998
Introduces the Knowledge Digraph Contribution (KDC) data-analysis methodology for quantitatively measuring the degree to which a given knowledge digraph can account for the occurrence of specific sequences of propositions in recall, summarization, talk-aloud and question-answering protocol data. Notes the applicability of this approach to the…
Descriptors: Discourse Analysis, Knowledge Representation, Language Research, Memory
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Trabasso, Tom; Suh, Soyoung – Discourse Processes, 1993
Studies whether global, causal inferences are made during comprehension. Provides verbal protocol data in the form of talking aloud during reading. Discusses the data with reference to processing claims and working-memory models. Considers what verbal protocols reveal about processing. (HB)
Descriptors: Communication (Thought Transfer), Communication Research, Discourse Analysis, Discourse Modes