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Pincus, Arlene R. H.; And Others – Journal of Reading, 1986
States that comprehension of expository text and the ability to summarize are factors in students' success with such material. Describes a model that induces students to use existing schemata to create new and necessary expectations while providing a technique for explicitly teaching the components of effective summaries. (JK)
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Cognitive Development, Expository Writing, Periodicals

Musgrave, P. W. – English in Australia, 1987
Presents results of a study of how readers fill in information "gaps" in a text to make meaning, using adolescents' response to a story by Brecht. Concludes that such gaps bore children uninterested in making meaning, and that those who make meaning from a mechanical stance may be limited in their comprehension unless deeper ways of…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Cognitive Style, Literary Criticism, Literature Appreciation

Davis, Boyd H. – Children's Literature in Education, 1985
Reviews several books that seek to explain what some of the structures of meaning are that stories present to readers and feed into their memories. (HOD)
Descriptors: Childrens Literature, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Mapping, Concept Formation

Norris, Stephen P.; Phillips, Linda M. – Journal of Reading Behavior, 1994
Challenges the widely endorsed practice of activating relevant knowledge prior to reading. Outlines a perspectival (perspective-relative) view of reading and suggests that this view provides a means to make coherent sense of interpretations. Concludes that having specific knowledge is not the main desideratum in interpreting texts--the main…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Cognitive Structures, Higher Education, Learning Processes

Anderson, O. Roger; Botticelli, Steven – Science Education, 1990
Investigated is a reader's ability to comprehend written text that is highly novel with few semantic cues. The theoretical perspective, assessment theory, materials and methods, and the results of this study are discussed. (KR)
Descriptors: Coding, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Structures
Collins, Norma; Smith, Carl, Comp. – 1990
Originally developed for the Department of Defense Schools (DoDDS) system, this learning package on developing thinking skills through literature is designed for teachers who wish to upgrade or expand their teaching skills on their own. The package includes a comprehensive search of the ERIC database; a lecture giving an overview on the topic; the…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Critical Reading, Critical Thinking, Distance Education
Croll, Valerie J.; And Others – 1986
A study investigated the effects of using topic-related pictures to build and activate readers' schemata as a means of increasing background knowledge and, consequently, reading comprehension. Subjects, two special education middle school students with low scores on standardized reading comprehension and vocabulary tests, were taught to interpret…
Descriptors: Advance Organizers, Cognitive Development, Critical Reading, Critical Thinking
Squire, James R., Ed. – 1987
Focusing on future directions for English and reading research, the papers presented in this book examine the complex interplay of skills, processes, and classroom conditions that influence the development of children's competence in reading, writing, and the language arts. The titles and authors of the essays are as follows: (1) "Reading and…
Descriptors: Classroom Environment, Classroom Research, Classroom Techniques, Cognitive Development