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Peer reviewed
Direct linkPete Swanson; Jean W. LeLoup – Applied Language Learning, 2025
Appropriate placement of language learners continues to be challenging for postsecondary world language programs. The Seal of Biliteracy is now available in all of the states for high school students. While the Seal is an admirable program, using it in higher education can be problematic because the proficiency levels needed to attain the Seal…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, French, Spanish, Portuguese
Yang Dong; Chow Bonnie Wing-Yin; Jianhong Mo; Xuecong Miao; Hao-Yuan Zheng; Hang Dong; Mingmin Zhang – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2024
Reading comprehension and arithmetic skills are essential abilities for children, particularly at the early career. Examine the link between language proficiency and numeral information process amongst primary school children. This study examines numeral comprehension in 600 Chinese primary second graders with different levels of decoding and…
Descriptors: Language Proficiency, Reading Comprehension, Arithmetic, Number Concepts
Wesley A. Hoover – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2024
Common depictions of the simple view of reading (SVR), in both research and practice, describe reading comprehension difficulties by using the dichotomous variables of "poor" and "good" for each of its three constructs. But these fail to accurately capture the role the product of the two subcomponents of word recognition and…
Descriptors: Reading Difficulties, Reading Comprehension, Word Recognition, Language Proficiency
Download full textHitoshi Mikami – Reading in a Foreign Language, 2023
Facilitating anxiety in second language (L2) learning research has not been thoroughly discussed for both methodological and conceptual reasons. This trend is also evident in the field of L2 reading, where reading anxiety has been viewed as a negative force. This study takes the initial step to explore the nature of facilitating anxiety in L2…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Majors (Students), Second Language Learning, English (Second Language)
A. J. Benjamin Clarke – LEARN Journal: Language Education and Acquisition Research Network, 2025
Multicomponent perspectives on second language reading proficiency offer a contemporary understanding of reading and its development (e.g., Yamashita, 2022). In this web-based experiment, we investigated the relationship among L2 reading proficiency measures--reading comprehension, listening comprehension, reading fluency--and component reading…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, English (Second Language), Second Language Instruction, Second Language Learning
Lee, Shinhye – ETS Research Report Series, 2022
In response to the calls for making key stakeholders' perspectives relevant in the test validation process, the study discussed in this report sought test-taker feedback as part of collecting validity evidence and supporting the ongoing field testing efforts of the new "TOEFL ITP"® Speaking section. Specifically, I aimed to investigate…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Language Tests, Test Validity
Noam Siegelman; Irina Elgort; Marc Brysbaert; Niket Agrawal; Simona Amenta; Jasmina Arsenijevic Mijalkovic; Christine S. Chang; Daria Chernova; Fabienne Chetail; A. J. Benjamin Clarke; Alain Content; Davide Crepaldi; Nastag Davaabold; Shurentsetseg Delgersuren; Avital Deutsch; Veronika Dibrova; Denis Drieghe; Dušica Filipovic Ðurdevic; Brittany Finch; Ram Frost; Carolina A. Gattei; Esther Geva; Aline Godfroid; Lindsay Griener; Esteban Hernández-Rivera; Anastasia Ivanenko; Juhani Järvikivi; Lea Kawaletz; Anurag Khare; Jun Ren Lee; Charlotte E. Lee; Christina Manouilidou; Marco Marelli; Timur Mashanlo; Ksenija Mišic; Koji Miwa; Pauline Palma; Ingo Plag; Zoya Rezanova; Enkhzaya Riimed; Jay Rueckl; Sascha Schroeder; Irina A. Sekerina; Diego E. Shalom; Natalia Slioussar; Neža Marija Slosar; Vanessa Taler; Kim Thériault; Debra Titone; Odonchimeg Tumee; Ross van de Wetering; Ark Verma; Anna Fiona Weiss; Denise Hsien Wu; Victor Kuperman – Language Learning, 2024
This article presents the ENglish Reading Online (ENRO) project that offers data on English reading and listening comprehension from 7,338 university-level advanced learners and native speakers of English representing 19 countries. The database also includes estimates of reading rate and seven component skills of English, including vocabulary,…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Native Language
Amal Sabbar Julaid; Mohammad Saber Khaghaninejad – Language Teaching Research Quarterly, 2025
This study was designed to examine the effects of applying different cognitive reading comprehension strategies on the comprehension of descriptive, narrative, argumentative, and expository texts among Iraqi beginner, intermediate, and advanced EFL learners to investigate whether the benefits of cognitive reading strategies are consistent across…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Reading Strategies, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning
In'nami, Yo; Hijikata, Yuko; Koizumi, Rie – Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 2022
The relationship between working memory (WM) and second-language (L2) reading has been extensively examined, with mixed results. Our meta-analysis models the potential impact of under-researched variables considered to moderate this relationship. Results from 74 studies (228 correlations) showed a significant, small relationship between WM and L2…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Second Language Learning, Reading Comprehension, Task Analysis
Gyeong Jin Park; Yuah V. Chon – English Teaching, 2024
Neural machine translators (NMTs), such as "Google Translate," may assist second language (L2) readers with general comprehension. However, previous empirical studies show mixed results regarding their effectiveness. In this study, 145 Korean English learners from a girls' high school were asked to solve three types of reading…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, High School Students, Private Schools, Technology Uses in Education
Fernanda Soares; Cheng Liu; T. J. D'Agostino; Pooja Nakamura; Caroline Freeman – Comparative Education Review, 2025
This study explores the underlying component reading skills that explain reading comprehension challenges faced by learners in multilingual settings who are instructed in a language in which they may or may not have oral language proficiency. Using data collected in the Philippines, Rwanda, and Kenya, we apply a two-step latent class analysis to…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Multilingualism, Reading Skills, Language of Instruction
Michael J. Kieffer; C. Patrick Proctor; Andrew W. Weaver; Sasha Karbachinskiy; Qihan Chen; Qun Yu; Gabriella Solano; Aaron Coleman; Shaelyn M. Cavanaugh; Xiaoying Wu; Elise Cappella; Rebecca D. Silverman – American Educational Research Journal, 2025
In this preregistered within-teacher randomized controlled trial (n = 84), we tested the effects of grouping English learners (ELs) in homogeneous groups (all ELs) versus heterogeneous groups (ELs and non-ELs) on language, reading comprehension, and argumentative writing. Findings indicated no significant main effects of grouping. However,…
Descriptors: Elementary Schools, Grade 4, Grade 5, Heterogeneous Grouping
Felipe Oscar Reyes – ProQuest LLC, 2023
The study's purpose was to explore if there was a statistically significant difference in reading comprehension of non-Limited English Proficient students when reading eBooks compared to printed books. Second, it explored if there was a statistically significant difference in Limited English Proficient students. Third, it explored if there was a…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Limited English Speaking, Electronic Books, Language Proficiency
Aiping Zhao; Xuening Zhang; Ying Guo; Megan Schneider Dinnesen; Shuyan Sun; Yunqing Xu – Journal of Research in Reading, 2025
Background: Second language (L2) reading is a complex process in which two languages constantly interact. L1 reading and L2 proficiency are two well-acknowledged factors contributing to L2 reading comprehension. Other factors, such as strategy use and anxiety, might also predict L2 reading comprehension, but their roles have not been examined in…
Descriptors: High School Students, Native Language, Second Language Learning, Reading Skills
Jurong Liu; Jiaxun Yang – Education and Information Technologies, 2025
This study investigates the effectiveness of translation-based learning in enhancing vocabulary retention, comprehension, and learner confidence across different proficiency levels among English language learners. While the use of translation in language learning has been debated, research on its impact at varying proficiency levels remains…
Descriptors: English Learners, Translation, Second Language Learning, Language Proficiency
