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Crossley, Scott A.; Skalicky, Stephen; Dascalu, Mihai – Journal of Research in Reading, 2019
Background: Advances in natural language processing (NLP) and computational linguistics have facilitated major improvements on traditional readability formulas that aim at predicting the overall difficulty of a text. Recent studies have identified several types of linguistic features that are theoretically motivated and predictive of human…
Descriptors: Natural Language Processing, Readability, Reading Comprehension, Reading Rate
Balyan, Renu; McCarthy, Kathryn S.; McNamara, Danielle S. – International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 2020
For decades, educators have relied on readability metrics that tend to oversimplify dimensions of text difficulty. This study examines the potential of applying advanced artificial intelligence methods to the educational problem of assessing text difficulty. The combination of hierarchical machine learning and natural language processing (NLP) is…
Descriptors: Natural Language Processing, Artificial Intelligence, Man Machine Systems, Classification
Balyan, Renu; McCarthy, Kathryn S.; McNamara, Danielle S. – Grantee Submission, 2020
For decades, educators have relied on readability metrics that tend to oversimplify dimensions of text difficulty. This study examines the potential of applying advanced artificial intelligence methods to the educational problem of assessing text difficulty. The combination of hierarchical machine learning and natural language processing (NLP) is…
Descriptors: Natural Language Processing, Artificial Intelligence, Man Machine Systems, Classification
Thomas, Darrin – Journal of Research on Christian Education, 2018
With its international constituency, the Seventh-day Adventist Church has a large a membership that primarily comprises non-native English speakers. Students have had challenges in understanding and appreciating the writings of one of the church's co-founders, Ellen White. The purpose of this study was to analyze the Testimonies for the Church and…
Descriptors: Christianity, Churches, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning
Becker, Lidia – Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 2020
The paper provides an example of how immigration is constructed by receiving societies as a comprehension or language problem that requires special solutions. It focuses on the application of Easy-to-Read, a simplified register currently in expansion which addresses different groups of people with intellectual disabilities, to immigrants in Spain.…
Descriptors: Immigrants, Immigration, Intellectual Disability, Semantics
Košak-Babuder, Milena; Kormos, Judit; Ratajczak, Michael; Pižorn, Karmen – Language Testing, 2019
One of the special arrangements in testing contexts is to allow dyslexic students to listen to the text while they read. In our study, we investigated the effect of read-aloud assistance on young English learners' language comprehension scores. We also examined whether students with dyslexia identification benefit from this assistance differently…
Descriptors: Dyslexia, Identification, Scores, English (Second Language)
Li, Haiying; Cai, Zhiqiang; Graesser, Arthur – International Educational Data Mining Society, 2016
In this paper, we applied the crowdsourcing approach to develop an automated popularity summary scoring, called wild summaries. In contrast, the golden standard summaries generated by one or more experts are called expert summaries. The innovation of our study is to compute LSA (Latent Semantic Analysis) similarities between target summary and…
Descriptors: Peer Acceptance, Electronic Publishing, Collaborative Writing, Grading
Crossley, Scott A.; Skalicky, Stephen; Dascalu, Mihai; McNamara, Danielle S.; Kyle, Kristopher – Discourse Processes: A multidisciplinary journal, 2017
Research has identified a number of linguistic features that influence the reading comprehension of young readers; yet, less is known about whether and how these findings extend to adult readers. This study examines text comprehension, processing, and familiarity judgment provided by adult readers using a number of different approaches (i.e.,…
Descriptors: Reading Processes, Reading Comprehension, Readability, Adults
Pilán, Ildikó; Volodina, Elena; Johansson, Richard – Research-publishing.net, 2013
In our study we investigated second and foreign language (L2) sentence readability, an area little explored so far in the case of several languages, including Swedish. The outcome of our research consists of two methods for sentence selection from native language corpora based on Natural Language Processing (NLP) and machine learning (ML)…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Sentences, Readability, Swedish
Crismore, Avon – 1982
Milton's style of pronominal reference in his essay, "Areopagitica," leads to a lack of comprehension at times and to slow processing. His use of demonstrative pronouns makes it difficult to identify antecedents precisely and quickly. For example, in one case a reader must go back over 400 words to find an antecedent. His use of relative…
Descriptors: Decoding (Reading), Discourse Analysis, Language Processing, Pronouns
Davison, Alice – 1985
A survey of the current research on readability formulas is presented in this paper, which distinguishes this research from research on the more general questions that surround formulas: What features of a text, particularly the language it is written in, make the text easy or difficult to read? and, What will predict that readers with particular…
Descriptors: Difficulty Level, Language Processing, Measurement Techniques, Readability
Duffy, Thomas M.; U' Ren, Paula Kabance – 1982
The relationship of readability, "readable writing" techniques, and comprehension was evaluated in a series of five experiments involving United States Navy recruits. Eight expository passages from a standardized reading test were revised by using word lists to simplify the vocabulary and a restriction in syntactic structure to simplify…
Descriptors: Academic Aptitude, Adults, Language Processing, Military Personnel
Dodd, William M. – 1984
A study examined the effect of five types of sentence faults on the method of information processing, recall ability, confidence rating, and comprehensibility rating of college freshman English students. The control text consisted of five passages and the accompanying comprehension questions exactly as they appear on the multiple choice Georgia…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, College Freshmen, Error Analysis (Language), Error Patterns
Nagy, William E.; And Others – 1986
A study investigated the effect of properties of words and texts on the incidental learning of word meanings during normal reading. Subjects--352 students in third, fifth, and seventh grades--read either expository or narrative passages selected from grade-level textbooks, and after six days were tested on their knowledge of difficult words from…
Descriptors: Context Clues, Elementary Education, Grade 3, Grade 5

Irwin, Judith Westphal – Topics in Language Disorders, 1988
Linguistic cohesion involves the semantic and syntactic relationships that link sentences together. Research on linguistic cohesion is related to readability and to developmental and ability-level issues in reading/writing. Instructional strategies for low-ability readers/writers include predicting comprehension problems through cohesion analysis…
Descriptors: Child Development, Cohesion (Written Composition), Developmental Stages, Discourse Analysis
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