Successful reading comprehension is not a guarantee, even for highly skilled readers. When comprehension fails, the ability of the reader to recognize the failure may be critical to avoiding "mis"comprehension (i.e., false confidence in an inaccurate text representation) and to taking steps to improve comprehension. Generally, people…

Teacher educators examined three aspects of expertise in reading instruction in 15 preservice, classroom, and intervention teachers at three distinctively different points in their professional development. In one sitting, participants responded to two video clips showing the same first-grade child reading familiar text in a Reading Recovery…

The purpose of this study was to compare the variety, complexity, and frequency of reading behaviors of three groups of first grade students--students who discontinued from Reading Recovery (D-RR), students who did not discontinue from Reading Recovery (ND-RR), and students who never needed Reading Recovery (A-NRR). Students were asked to read…

A formulated definition of the term dyslexia is proposed in this paper in order to clarify the semantical confusion which exists among both specialists and the general public. Dyslexia is explained as a generic term for severe and puzzling reading disability, found to be both acute (where reading-age lags 25 percent or more below mental age) and…

Research on subject matter instruction across the 20th century (e.g., Stevens, 1912; Bellack, 1966; Hoetker & Ahlbrand; 1969; Gall, 1970; Langer, 1999; Mehan, 1979; Nystrand, 1997;) reveals a preponderance of teacher-directed lecture, recitation, and round-robin reading of text in place of instruction that focuses on reading-to-learn, thinking,…

Recently the DfES has issued guidance on ways to address the needs of students who experience difficulties in literacy through Wave Three provision in the National Literacy Strategy (DfES, 2002). This guidance raises the issue of what kind of programmes might be initiated in mainstream schools that will improve what is available generally for…

This paper reports on an innovative approach to the teaching of reading. The thrust of the approach lies in application of findings from Meeker's research which since 1963 had identified certain clusters of Guilford's Structure of Intellect and intellectual abilities found to be necessary in the process of learning to read. Several programs are…

Draws an analogy between the insurance business and at-risk students. Argues that being at-risk in reading means a failure to gain control over reading and reading to learn, leading to learned helplessness. Discusses factors associated with learned helplessness. Outlines what teachers can do for at-risk students. (RS)

Discusses the use of colored plastic overlays and tinted lens filters to benefit at-risk readers who have the visual perceptual problem known as Scotopic Sensitivity Syndrome. (MG)

Focusing on the process of reading comprehension, this book contains chapters on some central topics relevant to understanding the processes associated with comprehending text. The articles and their authors are as follows: (1) "Comprehension Processes: Introduction" (K. Rayner); (2) "The Role of Meaning in Word Recognition"…

Reprints Thorndike's classic article which appeared in The Journal of Educational Psychology, Vol. VIII, No. 6, June 1917, pp. 323-32. (VJ)

A metalinguistic deficit in the awareness of phonological aspects of spoken language has long been assumed to be the single most important cause of reading failure among developmental dyslexics. Majority of this proposal's empirical support has come from examination of reading problems in irregular language like English and it's relation to the…

Senior scientists representing a variety of research-oriented disciplines examine the reading process. Among the topics discussed are visual perception, the processing of written information, models for reading and speech, the relationship of spelling to sound, and areas of needed research. Also discussed are the influences of grammatical…

The disagreement on terminology used to describe reading difficulties and to classify reading underachievers is illustrated. Some of the research findings on physical, intellectual, emotional, and educational factors which cause reading difficulty are described, with emphasis on replying to questions asked by parents and on clarifying some…

THIS INVESTIGATION STUDIED THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN READING ACHIEVEMENT AND MORAL REALISM IN 7- TO 12-YEAR-OLD BOYS. INTRAGROUP TRENDS AND INTERGROUP DIFFERENCES IN MORAL REALISM AMONG RETARDED AND SUCCESSFUL READERS WERE COMPARED AND EVALUATED. A HORIZONTAL ANALYSIS AND A VERTICAL ANALYSIS WERE PERFORMED IN ORDER TO DETERMINE THE PRESENCE OF A…