Descriptor
| Primary Education | 4 |
| Readability Formulas | 4 |
| Reading Material Selection | 4 |
| Reading Research | 3 |
| Difficulty Level | 2 |
| Grade 2 | 2 |
| Reading Instruction | 2 |
| Basal Reading | 1 |
| Beginning Reading | 1 |
| Childrens Literature | 1 |
| English (Second Language) | 1 |
| More ▼ | |
Author
| Fry, Edward | 1 |
| Green, Georgia M. | 1 |
| Hasbrouck, Jan E. | 1 |
| Hoffman, James V. | 1 |
| Olsen, Margaret S. | 1 |
| Parker, Richard I. | 1 |
| Patterson, Elizabeth | 1 |
| Pennington, Julie | 1 |
| Roser, Nancy L. | 1 |
| Salas, Rachel | 1 |
| Weaver, Laurie | 1 |
| More ▼ | |
Publication Type
| Journal Articles | 3 |
| Reports - Research | 3 |
| Reports - Evaluative | 1 |
Education Level
Audience
Location
Laws, Policies, & Programs
Assessments and Surveys
What Works Clearinghouse Rating
Peer reviewedFry, Edward – Reading Teacher, 1980
Responds to doubts raised in the preceding article about the author's readability graph. Defends the orthodoxy of the procedures used to develop the graph and presents data showing that it correlates quite well with the other formulas on first- and second-grade materials and is just a little high on third- grade materials. (ET)
Descriptors: Difficulty Level, Primary Education, Readability Formulas, Reading Material Selection
Peer reviewedParker, Richard I.; Hasbrouck, Jan E.; Weaver, Laurie – Reading and Writing Quarterly: Overcoming Learning Difficulties, 2001
Uses two formulas developed for Spanish language text to analyze 9 stories that were read by 36 Spanish-speaking second graders with limited English proficiency. Finds that the Spanish readability formulas only weakly predicted student performance, indicating the need to pursue broader, qualitative indices of difficulty for Spanish text. (SG)
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Grade 2, Primary Education, Readability Formulas
Peer reviewedHoffman, James V.; Roser, Nancy L.; Salas, Rachel; Patterson, Elizabeth; Pennington, Julie – Journal of Literacy Research, 2001
Investigates reliability of two approaches for estimating text difficulty at the first-grade level: the Scale for Text Accessibility and Support and the Fountas/Pinnell system. Supports the predictive validity of the two rating scales with performance data. Suggests potential benchmarks for first-grade performance: 95% accuracy; 80 words per…
Descriptors: Beginning Reading, Difficulty Level, Grade 1, Measurement Techniques
Download full textGreen, Georgia M.; Olsen, Margaret S. – 1986
Using two original children's books and adaptations of these books created by basal reader publishers, a study investigated (1) whether children prefer original, unadapted stories that may have longer sentences and more vocabulary items than are permitted by readability formulas for their grade level, or the adaptations of those stories, which…
Descriptors: Basal Reading, Childrens Literature, Grade 2, Primary Education
