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A Second Look at the Validity of Readability Formulas
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Klare, George R. – Journal of Reading Behavior, 1976
Identifies and describes major factors interacting with readability measures in 36 experimental studies analyzing the validity of such measures. (RB)
Descriptors: Higher Education, Readability, Readability Formulas, Reading Comprehension
A Comparison of the Fry, Spache, and Harris-Jacobson Readability Formulas for Primary Grades.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Harris, Albert J.; Jacobson, Milton D. – Reading Teacher, 1980
Concludes that the Spache and Harris-Jacobson readability formulas are quite similar in variables used, in the way they were developed, and in statistical characteristics; notes differences in the Fry graph and raises questions about its suitability for measuring the readability of primary grade reading materials. (ET)
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Difficulty Level, Primary Education, Readability Formulas
Applying Statistical Rigor to a Validation Study of the Fry Readability Graph.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Fusaro, Joseph A. – Reading Research and Instruction, 1988
Supports the results of a previous study that concluded that the Farr-Jenkins-Paterson formula resulted in a more difficult readability level than the Flesch Reading Ease formula, the Dale-Chall Readability formula, and the Fry Readability Graph, and that the Fry Readability Graph is accurate within one grade level. (MS)
Descriptors: Guides, Readability, Readability Formulas, Reading Research
Comments on the Preceding Harris and Jacobson Comparison of the Fry, Spache, and Harris-Jacobson Readability Formulas.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Fry, Edward – Reading Teacher, 1980
Responds to doubts raised in the preceding article about the author's readability graph. Defends the orthodoxy of the procedures used to develop the graph and presents data showing that it correlates quite well with the other formulas on first- and second-grade materials and is just a little high on third- grade materials. (ET)
Descriptors: Difficulty Level, Primary Education, Readability Formulas, Reading Material Selection
Readability Formulae and McCall-Crabbs Standard Test Lessons in Reading.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Stevens, Kathleen C. – Reading Teacher, 1980
Reports that the McCall-Crabbs Standard Test Lessons in Reading were never sufficiently standardized to justify their widespread use as the basis for readability formulae. (DD)
Descriptors: Elementary Secondary Education, Readability Formulas, Reading Research, Reliability
Measuring Prose Difficulty Using the Rauding Scale
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Carver, Ronald P. – Reading Research Quarterly, 1975
Descriptors: Elementary Secondary Education, Higher Education, Measurement Instruments, Readability
A Response to Kibby's Criticisms of the Rauding Scale Research
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Carver, Ronald P. – Reading Research Quarterly, 1975
Descriptors: Elementary Secondary Education, Higher Education, Measurement Instruments, Readability
How Sharp is a Unicorn's Horn?
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Johnston, Peter H.; Allignton, Richard L. – Reading Research Quarterly, 1983
Criticizes a study of the reliability and validity of curriculum-based reading inventories by L. S. Fuchs, D. Fuchs, and S. L. Deno and raises questions regarding the study's internal and external validity. (AEA)
Descriptors: Informal Reading Inventories, Readability Formulas, Reading Research, Research Methodology
Predicting Twelth Graders' Comprehension Scores
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Harris, Albert J.; Jacobson, Milton D. – Journal of Reading, 1976
Describes a computer formula which measures readability according to how well high school seniors comprehend reading passages. (RB)
Descriptors: Grade 12, Readability, Readability Formulas, Reading Achievement
Using Fry's Graph to Describe the Variation of Readability: A Corrected Procedure.
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Luiten, John; And Others – 1978
A method proposed by McCuaig and Hutchings to assess the internal readability variation of books using the Fry readability formula was empirically tested in an analysis of six elementary basal and ten secondary remedial readers. Each book was treated as a series of consecutive 100-word samples. Means and standard deviations were computed for both…
Descriptors: Basic Reading, Elementary Secondary Education, Evaluation Methods, Predictive Measurement
The Proper Study of Readability: A Reaction to Carver's "Measuring Prose Difficulty Using the Rauding Scale"
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Kibby, Michael W. – Reading Research Quarterly, 1975
Descriptors: Analytical Criticism, Elementary Secondary Education, Higher Education, Literature Reviews
Why Readability Formulas Fail. Reading Education Report No. 28.
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Bruce, Bertram; And Others – 1981
The failure of readability formulas can be attributed to three weaknesses in the formulas. First, they ignore or violate current knowledge about the reading process. Most formulas affect only sentence length and word difficulty while ignoring factors that influence text comprehensibility, such as cohesion, the number of inferences required, the…
Descriptors: Cohesion (Written Composition), Evaluation Methods, Measurement Techniques, Readability