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Download full textKogar, Esin Yilmaz – International Journal of Progressive Education, 2021
The present study was based on the Turkish sample in PISA 2009 and PISA 2018. To investigate the effect of both gender and economic, social and cultural status index on reading literacy, the causal mediation effect was utilized in order to test the mediating role of the following variables: enjoyment of reading, the metacognitive strategy of…
Descriptors: Literacy, Gender Differences, Cultural Background, Socioeconomic Status
Janks, Hilary – Reading & Writing: Journal of the Reading Association of South Africa, 2011
Results on the PIRLS test in 2006 make it clear that South African educators need to examine the way in which they teach literacy in the Foundation phase. While the test gives a fair indication of what our children cannot do, it is less clear about what they can do. Mastery of decoding, for example, is assumed and children are tested on their…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Test Results, Achievement Tests, Grade 4
