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Aaron Glasgow; Gerald Tindal; Joseph F. T. Nese – Behavioral Research and Teaching, 2023
This technical report describes the development of oral reading fluency passages for use in the CBMSkills assessment system. Seventeen passages were created for each of Grades 1 through 5. Passages were designed to target the fluency component of a developmental model of reading. All passages were written with the specification to use language and…
Descriptors: Reading Fluency, Oral Reading, Reading Tests, Elementary School Students
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Taylor, Zachary W. – International Journal of Higher Education, 2017
A recent Educational Testing Services report (2016) found that international graduate students with a TOEFL score of 80--the minimum average TOEFL score for graduate admission in the United States--usually possess reading subscores of 20, equating to a 12th-grade reading comprehension level. However, one public flagship university's international…
Descriptors: Foreign Students, Graduate Students, Reading Comprehension, College Admission
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Nese, Joseph F. T.; Kahn, Josh; Kamata, Akihito – Grantee Submission, 2017
Despite prevalent use and practical application, the current and standard assessment of oral reading fluency (ORF) presents considerable limitations which reduces its validity in estimating growth and monitoring student progress, including: (a) high cost of implementation; (b) tenuous passage equivalence; and (c) bias, large standard error, and…
Descriptors: Automation, Speech, Recognition (Psychology), Scores