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Gastgeb, Holly Zajac; Wilkinson, Desiree A.; Minshew, Nancy J.; Strauss, Mark S. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2011
There is a growing amount of evidence suggesting that individuals with autism have difficulty with face processing. One basic cognitive ability that may underlie face processing difficulties is the ability to abstract a prototype. The current study examined prototype formation with natural faces using eye-tracking in high-functioning adults with…
Descriptors: Autism, Human Body, Cognitive Ability, Models
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Rae, Babette; Heathcote, Andrew; Donkin, Chris; Averell, Lee; Brown, Scott – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2014
Decision-makers effortlessly balance the need for urgency against the need for caution. Theoretical and neurophysiological accounts have explained this tradeoff solely in terms of the "quantity" of evidence required to trigger a decision (the "threshold"). This explanation has also been used as a benchmark test for evaluating…
Descriptors: Decision Making Skills, Reaction Time, Evidence, Accuracy
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Mulligan, Neil W.; Osborn, Katherine – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2009
The modality-match effect in recognition refers to superior memory for words presented in the same modality at study and test. Prior research on this effect is ambiguous and inconsistent. The present study demonstrates that the modality-match effect is found when modality is rendered salient at either encoding or retrieval. Specifically, in…
Descriptors: Recognition (Psychology), Recall (Psychology), Evaluation, Experiments
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Lag, Torstein; Hveem, Kari; Ruud, Kristin P. E.; Laeng, Bruno – Brain and Cognition, 2006
The basis for the category specific living things advantage in object recognition (i.e., faster and more accurate identification of living compared to nonliving things) was investigated in two experiments. It was hypothesised that the global shape of living things on average provides more information about their basic level identity than the…
Descriptors: Models, Visual Discrimination, Visual Stimuli, Brain Hemisphere Functions
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Dannemiller, James L.; Banks, Martin S. – Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 1986
Replies to argument presenting evidence against a model of habituation during early infancy which was based on the selective adaptation of feature detectors. (Author/BB)
Descriptors: Age Differences, Evaluation Criteria, Habituation, Infants
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Ackles, Patrick K.; Karrer, Rathe – Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 1991
Rejects the neuronal fatigue, or selective adaptation, hypothesis of young infant habituation. Holds that studies cited by Dannemiller and Banks do not support the inferences of selective adaptation. Rejects the hypothetical neurophysiological mechanism of neuronal fatigue. Proposes that studies do not indicate that young infants' visual cortical…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Criticism, Evaluation Criteria, Habituation