Originally prepared as a work paper for the American Association of Teachers of Spanish and Portuguese. (DS)

The formal retraining of experienced teachers from one field or level of specialization to another is one response to problems created by changing job markets within the teaching profession. (JD)

Vocational education at the elementary, secondary, postsecondary, and continuing education levels in the Netherlands, receiving particular emphasis in response to needs expressed in educational policy making, is described in this article. (JH)

Professor Max Eddy, Head of Purdue University's Department of Industrial Education, with the assistance of J.P. Corcoran, Director of a trade union training department, describe the development of a programme of training for apprentice instructors run jointly by the union and the university. (Editor)

Reports on a round table concerning continuing education for teachers of French and on the results of a questionnaire on the same topic. Methodology, curriculum, environment, and time factors are discussed. The weakest points are considered to be planning, evaluation and follow-through. (Text is in French.) (AM)

Research on the training needs of part-time community education workers in 1988 in Scotland focused on adult educators. Thirty-two 45-minute tape-recorded interviews were conducted in three areas: an inner-city area, a rural area, and a mixed area of large towns with a rural hinterland. The interviewee group included 21 part-time adult educators…

This document contains 111 abstracts of articles, books, and government publications relating to various areas of education in Burma and published during the period January through April 1970. Abstracts are arranged under the following headings: Education--General, Primary Education, Secondary Education, Higher Education, and Miscellaneous. In…

In Italy, all responsibility for vocational training has been delegated to the regions. At the regional level, three types of training are available: training for work, on-the-job training, and training under special state legislation. No obligation is placed on employers to train the work force. Most worker training is informal and conducted…

Discusses the teacher training and refresher program at York University. A particular feature of the training program is a two week intensive course in a language unknown to the future language teacher. A significant innovation in the refresher course is the English/French "reciprocal course." (Text is in French.) (AM)

Teachers of occupational education need to be continually updated to be aware of the technical changes taking place within occupations in their area of specialization if they are to make occupational training situations more like the real job. The objective of the study is the development and implementation of a system of inservice work experience…

German legislation contains provisions on both initial and further vocational training. Three types of continuing training are distinguished: retraining, updating training, and upgrading training. Industries contribute the largest share of funding and participants to continuing training. In-company continuing training differs greatly according to…